Lumbar, Sacrum and Coccyx Anatomy Handout
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| Which 2 projections will demonstrate the right sacroiliac joint? | AP Oblique, LPO position
PA Oblique, RAO position
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| Which of the following is the essential projection used to demonstrate the zygapophyseal joints of the lumbar spine? | AP Oblique
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| Where is the central ray positioned for a lateral coccyx? | 3.5 inches posterior to ASIS and 2 inches inferior
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| Where is the central ray positioned for a lateral sacrum? | At the level of the ASIS and 3.5 inches posterior
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| The respiration phase for the AP oblique projection of the lumbar spine is: | Expiration
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| The intervertebral foramina of the superior four lumbar vertebrae are situated how many degrees from the midsagittal plane? | 90
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| All of the following might be used to provide an optimal image on a lateral projection of the lumbar spine, except: sponge to support spine in horizontal position 72" SID close collimation lead rubber sheet | 72" SID
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| Which plane is placed perpendicular to the tabletop and centered to the midline of the grid for a lateral lumbar spine? | midcoronal plane
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| the central ray angle for a lateral coccyx and sacrum is: | 0 degrees
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| If the lumbar spine cannot be adjusted so it is horizontal for the lateral projection, the central ray should be angled: | 5 degrees men, 8 degrees women, caudad
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| When only the lumbar vertebrae (not lumbosacral) are imaged in the AP projection, the central ray is directed how many inches above the iliac crests? | 1.5
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| Occasionally, a patient may have to be placed in the prone position for sacrum radiography, and a PA projection performed. What is the central ray angle for this projection? | 15 degrees caudad
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| What is the central ray angle for the AP axial projection (Ferguson method_ of the lumbosacral junction? | 30 to 35 degrees cephalad
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| What is the central ray centering point for an AP oblique lumbar spine? | 2 inches medial to the elevated ASIS and 1 to 1.5 inches above the iliac crest
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| The condition of the lumbar spine in which there is anterior displacement of one vertebra over another is termed: | spondylolisthesis
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| How many degrees is the body rotated for the AP projection of the sacroiliac joint? | 25 to 30
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| Which zygapophyseal joints are demonstrated on the AP oblique projection of the lumbar spine? | Joints closest to the IR
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| on each side of the Sacral base is a large wing-like mass called the: | ala
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| The central ray angle for an AP axial projection of the coccyx is: | 10 degrees caudad
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| Where is the central ray directed for an AP lumbosacral spine? | Iliac crests
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| How many vertebrae are there in the sacrum? | 5
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| The central ray angle for an AP axial projection of the sacrum is: | 15 degrees cephalad
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| Where does the central ray enter the patient for an AP axial projection of the sacrum? | 2 inches superior to the pubic symphysis
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| which projection of the lumbar spine displays the vertebrae in the form of a "Scottie dog"? 1. Lateral 2. AP Oblique 3. PA Oblique | 2 and 3
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| To demonstrate the zygapophyseal joints of the lumbar spine, MSP of the patient is rotated how many degrees? | 45
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| An alternate method of positioning the central ray for the L5-S1 lateral projection is: | parallel with the interiliac line.
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