A & P
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| The Integumetary System Includes | glands, hair, nails, skin
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| Skin | classified as an organ
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| Functions of the Skin | protects the body from injury, prevents internal body cells from drying out, maintains body temperature
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| Layers of the Skin | epidermis, dermis
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| Epidermis Includes | keratin, stratum germinativum, stratum corneum, melanin
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| Epidermis | the outermost layer; contains keratin; non-vascular layer
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| Keratin | protein that is tough, waterproof; fill skin cells
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| Layers of the Epidermis | stratum germinativum, stratum corneum
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| Stratum Germinativum | layer of the epidermis that is the only one capable of producing new cells
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| Stratum Corneum | outer epidermis that flakes off as the skin renews itself
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| Melanin | pigment that gives skin its color; dark-skinned people will have more pigment; cells that are active and produce more melanin (freckles- irregular patches of melanin
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| Dermis | AKA corium; true skin; innermost layer; has blood vessels, nerves, and glands
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| Layer of the Dermis | subcutaneous layer
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| Subcutaneous Layer | has a generous supply of adipose tissue
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| Skin | classified as an organ; enveloping membrane; AKA integumentary system; does not breathe; heat is lost from the skin by evaporation
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| Skin Contains Kinds of Tissue | nerve, connective, epithelial
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| Skin Properties | pH slightly acidic, prevents growth of pathogens; contains compound converted to VitD (sunshine) when exposed-uv rays of the sun (ca assists absorption of Vit D); people who sunbathe more prone to wrinkles, skin cancers, dry skin & sunburn
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| Sweat Glands | regulate heat, odor, & sweat; called suderiferous glands; main function-regulate body temp.; when functioning, we perspire from pores; ceruminous
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| Pores | openings of the sweat glands
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| Ceruminous Gland | modified sweat gland; produce cerumen (ear wax) that protects the ear drum
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| Sebaceous Glands | sac-like structure that secretes sebum; secrete substances into a hair follicle; main function is to lubricate skin
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| Sebum | very oily substance
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| Hair | covers most of the body (not palms of hands or soles of feet); consists of dead cells and keratin; will grow as long as the follicle is not destroyed
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| Nails | originate in the outer layer of the epidermis; affected by general health; grow from the proximal end called the root
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