Terms from Translation unit of 04-350 at NW
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| amino acid | show 🗑
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| amino group | show 🗑
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| carboxyl group | show 🗑
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| variable group | show 🗑
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| radical group | show 🗑
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| show | the central carbon atom of an amino acid, with an amino group at one end, carboxyl group at the other and variable group
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| peptide bond | show 🗑
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| thymidine | show 🗑
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| dihydroxyuridine | show 🗑
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| inosine | show 🗑
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| tRNA secondary structure | show 🗑
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| show | overall 3D shape of a tRNA when stem loops are twisted and contorted. greatly influenced by rare chemically modified bases. determines which amino acyl synthetase will charge that tRNA
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| anticodon | show 🗑
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| show | loop of a tRNA closes to the 5' end of the molecule. Contains dihydroxyuridine
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| T loop | show 🗑
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| variable loop | show 🗑
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| show | CCA sequence added to the 3' end of the tRNA after it has been transcribed. Serves as the connection point for the amino acid when charging occurs
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| charging | show 🗑
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| show | Enzyme responsible for charging the tRNA... one for each amino acid. Recognizes the tRNA with the proper shape and uses them as a substrate for the charging reaction.
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| show | sequence of three nucleotides found within the mRNA that specifies which amino acid will be incorporated into the polypeptide during translation
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| triplet | show 🗑
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| show | one codon sequence always codes for the same amino acid
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| show | a single base in a codon is part of only one codon... not multiple
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| show | the genetic code is not broken up using markers to distinguish one codon from the other
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| show | the genetic code has multiple codons that code for the same amino acid. also known as a degenerate code
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| show | the genetic code is interpreted in the same way in nearly all organisms
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| start codon | show 🗑
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| stop codon | show 🗑
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| show | open reading frame, a string of consecutive codons that begin with a start codon and concludes with a stop
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| sense codon | show 🗑
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| non Watson Crick base pairng | show 🗑
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| show | improper pairing between bases at the third position of the codon and the first position of the anticodon
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| show | S, unit of measure that includes not only mass but factors related to density. How likely will a molecule sink through a density gradient
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| show | machinery for protein synthesis, composed of two subunits (one large and one small)
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| show | complex of rRNA and protein that serves as one half of a functional ribosome
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| show | complex of rRNA and protein that serves as one half of a functional ribosome
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| show | amino acyl site, binding site on the ribosome where new tRNA deliver amino acids during translation
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| P site | show 🗑
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| show | exit site, exit channel where uncharged tRNA will leave the ribosome after being used in translation
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| factor binding center | show 🗑
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| show | ribozyme that is part of the large ribosomal subunit, responsible for making the peptide bonds between amino acids during translation
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| show | 5' untranslated region, portion of the mRNA at the 5' end that does not contain codons, upstream of the start codon
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| 3' UTR | show 🗑
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| show | a mRNA that contains a single ORF
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| show | a mRNA that contains multiple ORF so a single RNA is responsible for multiple proteins
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| ribosomal binding site | show 🗑
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| initiator tRNA | show 🗑
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| fMet | show 🗑
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| Methionine | show 🗑
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| show | initiation factor 1, in prokaryotes used to keep the A site free until the ribosome assembles
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| show | initiation factor 2, protein in prokaryotes that holds the initiator tRNA in place until the ribosome assembles
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| show | initiation factor 3, protein in prokaryotes that keeps lrge and small ribosomal subunits apart until they recognize a mRNA
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| show | guanosine triphosphate, RNA monomer, also a high energy molecule used to drive various steps of translation
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| methyl guanosine cap | show 🗑
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| Kozak sequence | show 🗑
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| cap binding proteins | show 🗑
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| show | Elongation factor Tu, protein that guides new charged tRNA into the A site of the ribosome, carrying GTP, make contact with the factor binding center if all proper pairing of codon and anticodon occurs to stimulate peptidyl transferase
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| EF-G | show 🗑
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| release factor | show 🗑
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| mRNA looping | show 🗑
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| post translational modification | show 🗑
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Created by:
jthorns
Popular Genetics sets