Chapter 3: Statistics and Correlations
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| statistics | summarizing and interpreting the data
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| mean | the arithmetic average of a set of scores
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| Mode | the most frequently occurring score in a set of scores
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| median | the middle point is an ordered set of scores
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| variability | a measure of how much the scores in a distribution differs from one another
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| standard deviation | an indication of how much individual scores differ or vary from the mean
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| descriptive statistics | mathematical techniques that help researchers describe data
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| inferential statistics | mathematical techniques that help researchers decide whether data are representative of a population or difference among observations can be attributed to chance
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| correlation research | used to determine whether a relationship exists between 2 variables
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| correlation coefficient | value that represents the strength and direction between 2 factors
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| positive correlation | as the value of 1 factor increase, it can predict that the other value will also increase
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| negative correlation | as the value of one factor increase, the value of the other will decrease
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| No relationship | correlation of 0 between 2 factors
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| experimental research/independent variable | a technique in which the investigator actively manipulates the environment to observe its effect on behavior
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| confounding variable | an uncontrolled variable that changes along with the independent variable
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| internal validity | the extent to which an experiment has effectively controlled for confounding variables; allows to determine causality
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| random assignment | a technique ensuring that each participant in an experiment has an equal chance of being assigned to any of the conditions in the experiment
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| single blind study | experimental participants do not know to which condition they have been assigned (experiment vs control); used to control participant expectancy
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| double blind study | neither participants nor research observers are aware of whose assigned to both groups; both groups controlled
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| replicability | whether the results of study can be repeated with a separate sample of under slightly different conditions
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| informed consent | principle that before consenting to participate, people should be fully informed about all factors that could potentially affect their decision to participate
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| debriefing | at the conclusion of an experimental session, the participants are told the general purpose of the experiment including deception
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| confidentiality | the principle that personal information obtained from a participant in research/therapy shouldn't be revealed until permission from individual
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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