Chapter 0
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is genetics? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. it unifies the study of biology
2. it has a profound impact on human affairs
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| show | around 13,000 BCE
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| show | around 8,000 BCE
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| show | middle east, but domestication actually took place idependently in a number of places
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| show | it allowed humans to transition from the hunter gatherer lifestyle to farm based living. Eventually, settlements and population expansion were on the rise
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| show | Greek philosophers
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| Who was Pythagoras (in regards to genetics)? | show 🗑
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| show | - on the seed
- thought that only males determined inheritance
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| show | Hippocrates
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| Who was Democritus (in regards to genetics)? | show 🗑
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| show | - Nature
- The Republic
- Advocated the selection of spouses to produce children who will develop into bodily and ethically eminent personalities
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| show | Democritus
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| show | Developed theory of inheritance:
- the male semen was only formed from the blood
- the menstral blood contained the "matter" for offspring
- the "form" controls and shapes the "matter" into the mature offspring
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| Who was Lucretius (in regards to genetics)? | show 🗑
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| What specifically pushed Lucretius to his way of thinking? | show 🗑
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| show | - he proposed that all living things originate from an egg
- introduced the theory of epigenesis
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| What is the Theory of Epigenesis? | show 🗑
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| show | - proposed that both sexes transmit agents of heredity
- described small lamps in the ovaries and incorrectly thought he had discovered the mammalian egg
-contributed greatly to the understanding of female mammalian reproductive system (ovulation)
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| Who was Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (in regards to genetics)? | show 🗑
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| What is the Theory of Preformation? | show 🗑
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| Spermists belief | show 🗑
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| show | the homunculus resided in the egg
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| show | - discredited the Theory of Preformationism (homunculus)
- demonstrated that different adult structures of both animal and plants were not preformed but rather appeared gradually during the course of embryonic development
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| show | - developed a hierarchial system for classification of plants and animals
- developed the binomial system of nomenclature
- Fixity of species
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| show | says that living things retain the same form from the moment they appear on the earth
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| Who was Jean Baptiste Lamarck (in regards to genetics)? | show 🗑
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| show | 2 major laws:
1. Change in the environment -> change in needs -> change in behavior -> excess use or disuse of organ or structure -> inc or dec in size of organ or structure
2. all changes of such are inherited
- By JB Lamarck
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| Who is Charles Darwin? | show 🗑
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| show | it was heavily criticized because there ws nothing regarding genetic mechanisms of variation and inheritance
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| Explain Pangenesis | show 🗑
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| What is a gemmule? | show 🗑
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| show | - he disproved theory of pangenesis (darwin) with mice
- proposed Germplams
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| show | - mutlicellular living organisms are made of 2 types of tissue:
1. Somatoplasm
2. Germplasm
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| What is Somatoplasm? | show 🗑
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| show | 'discovered' by Weismann (not real) - heredity material that is set aside for reproductive purposes associated with the nucleus. There was a continuity of germplasm between generations
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| Who were the 2 big plant hydridists before Mendel? Why is Mendel known instead? | show 🗑
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| show | - first to perform systematic hybridization experiments in plants
- studied the pollination process and revealed the important of insets to pollination
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| Who sas Karl Friederich Gaertner? | show 🗑
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| Who was Johann Gregor Mendel? | show 🗑
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| How long did it take for Mendel's work to be noticed? Who discovered it? | show 🗑
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| Who Was Wiliam Bateson? | show 🗑
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| What were the first traits studied in humans? | show 🗑
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| What is polydactyly? | show 🗑
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| show | - bleeding disorder mentioned in Talmud where circumcision was not reccomended due to large loss of blood where brothers, maternal uncles, and first cousins on MOTHER's side had the disorder
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| show | - provided first accurate account of hemophilia in modern medicla literature
- followed a NH family of 'bleeders'
- described the x-linked recesive inheritance of disorder
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| Who was John Hay? | show 🗑
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| Describe the classic hemophilia pedigree of Queen Victoria's family. | show 🗑
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| show | Francis Galton in 1883
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| show | - examined familial relationships of british hierarchy as well as famous pop-culture people
- believed that many human traits are inherited and thus subjects to selection
- concerned with "differential fertility" of the "genetically-inferior"
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| What is positive eugenics? | show 🗑
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| show | discouraging the reproduction of those with undesirable traits
- one of Galton's solutions
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| Who was Charles Davenport? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Compulsory sterilization of 'eugenically-unfit" individuals
2. laws against race mixing
3. Immigration Restriction Act of 1924
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| show | the movement was tainted by bad science with strong prejudices and ended up closing the ERO in 1939
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| show | it continued into the 1970s, specifically for the mentally ill and inprisoned. Eventually, 33 state were accused for compulsory sterilization accounting for 60,000 americans being involuntarily sterilized
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| show | Nazi programs prior and during WWII
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Created by:
MSchmitt23
Popular Genetics sets