sub saharan africa
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| dominant religion in north africa and the countries of the sahel | show 🗑
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| dominant religion in southern nigeria, uganda, lesotho, and parts of south africa | show 🗑
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| show | muslim
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| show | europeans carried guns, ammunition, rum and man. goods to w. africa in exchange for slaves. took slaves to americas, exchanged for gold, silver, tobacco, sugar, cotton, rum and too to europe
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| negative impacts of european colonialism | show 🗑
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| positive effects of colonialism | show 🗑
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| show | british cartographers created the country despite its ethnic rifts. many modern national boundaries do not correspond to indigenous political or ethnic boundaries.
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| Cash crops | show 🗑
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| show | rapid population growth and drought, investing more in the military than citizens, excessive dependence on cash crops
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| show | crops and livestock that arent native to the country are ruining it. corn requires a lot of water, and cattle overgraze.
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| show | antelopes, zebras, warthogs, ostriches, crocodiles, pythons are bred in semicaptive and captive conditions to be slaughtered for their meat, hides and other useful products
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| micro credit | show 🗑
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| show | un backed certification plan, designed to ensure only legally mined rough diamonds, untainted by violence reach the market.
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| show | rough diamonds must be sent in tamper proof containers with a certificate, importing countries must certify the shipments have arrived unopened and reject any shipments that do not meet the requirements
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| show | passed by the u.s. congress in 2000, reduced or ended tariffs and quotas on more than 1800 manufactured, mineral and food iterms that could be imported from africa
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| show | 14 african countries were forgiven of more than 40 billion dollars of debt the owed. this was done by the G-8 (7 biggest western economic powers and russia)
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| show | china pledged 20 billion in infrastructure and trade financing.
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| 2 factors that shifted africas debt, trade and aid | show 🗑
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| failed state syndrome | show 🗑
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| shell state | show 🗑
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| donor democracy | show 🗑
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| show | african institution to confront the problems of africa. implementing self inspection or peer review to promote democracy, good governance, human rights, gender equality, and development
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| show | created by the african union, 265 member parliament that will begin making regional laws by 2009
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| African standy Force | show 🗑
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| show | during the cold war the soviet union and the u.s. played african countries against one another arming them with weapons to wage proxy wars
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| terrorism hot spots | show 🗑
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| climate | show 🗑
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| show | relatively low population density overall, majority of the regions people live in a small number of densely populated areas
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| show | niger-congo, afro asiatic, nilo saharan, and khoisan
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| show | Islam and christianity, but indigenous belief systems are often mixed with them or exist on their own in some locales
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| show | coffee, cacao, cotton, peanuts, oil plam products
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| Reasons for hindering development | show 🗑
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| show | the french british, germans, belgians, portuguese, italians, and spanish established their respective spheres of influence in the region
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| show | ranges from desert in the north through belts of tropical steppe and dry savanna in the south
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| show | the raising of sheep, goats, camels, and cattle, combined with subsistence farming is the major livelihood
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| the sahel: the resource curse | show 🗑
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| show | the amount of the suns energy flected by the ground
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| show | when people and livestock reduced the vegetative cover they increased the albedo, and fewer plants meant more solar energy was deflected back into the atmosphere lowering humidity and reducing local precipitation
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| show | a tragic sequence: people responding to drought actually perpetuated further drought conditions
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| The sahel: sustainable development | show 🗑
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| The sahel: ethnic tension | show 🗑
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| show | ranging from tropical steppe, dry savanna, and wetter savanna to areas of tropical rain forest along the southern and southeastern coasts
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| show | depend heavily on subsistence farming and lievestock grazing along with selected agricultural or mineral exports
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| show | cacoa, coffee, oil palm products in the wetter forested south, and peanuts and cotton in the drier north
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| show | mining.. most important: petroleum (6th largest oil exporter in the world)
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| show | 2/3 of the regions people live in one country: nigeria. only about 37 percent are city dwellers.
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| show | mostly muslim hausa and fulani mainly in the north (major religion), christian yoruba in the south west,
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| show | rebels that control almost two thirds of the country including all of the diamond producing area
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| show | gave the RUF some seats in the national cabinet
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| show | mainly plateaus and mountains. volcanism . the climate and biome types are broadly tropical savanna
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| show | maize, millet, sorghum, sweet potatoes, plantains, beans, and manioc
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| leading exporter of east africa | show 🗑
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| show | vowed to reduce trade barriers amongst its member states establishing a stock exchange, adopt a common currency for a unified market and elect a common president.
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| conflict in east africa | show 🗑
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| South africa | show 🗑
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| show | states that the number of species found on an individual island correlates with the islands area with a 10 fold increase in area normally resulting in a doubling of the number of species
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| apartheid | show 🗑
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| economic crisis of zimbabwe | show 🗑
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| show | long civil war, fianlly has peace. important supplier of oil to the west
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| nelson mandela | show 🗑
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| kenya | show 🗑
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