Anatomy & Function
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| Which division of the small bowel is the longest (length)? | Ileum
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| Which division of the small bowel is the shortest (length)? | Duodenum
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| List the 3 divisions of the small bowel in descending order, starting with the widest division. | Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
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| How long is the average small bowel if removed and stretched out during an autopsy? | 25 feet
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| In a person with good muscle tone, what is the length of the entire small bowel? | 15-18 feet
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| What is the average length of the large intestine? | 5 feet
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| Which muscular band marks the junction between the Duodenum & Jejunum? | The Ligament of Trietz (or suspensory muscle of duodenum)
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| In which 2 quadrants would the majority of the Jejunum be found? | The LUQ & LLQ
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| Which 2 aspects of the large intestine are not considered part of the colon? | The Cecum & Rectum
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| What are the 4 sections of the Colon? | Ascending Colon, Transverse Colon, Descending Colon & Sigmoid Colon.
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| What are the 4 major parts of the large intestine? | Cecum, Colon, Rectum, Anal Canal (ends @ the anus)
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| Where does the Jejunum begin? What is the Jejunum's inner diameter size? About how many 5th's does the Jejunum take up of the small intestine? | Begins at the Duodenojejunal Flexure. Inner diameter size is 2.5 cm. Makes up about 2/5 of the Jejunum.
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| Which quadrants is the Ileum primarily located? How many 5th's of the small intestine does the Ileum take up? | RUQ, RLQ & LLQ. Makes up about 3/5 of the small intestine.
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| What are the 2 functions of the Ileocecal Valve? | To prevent reflux back in to the Ileum from the Cecum. To regulate the rate or the amount of material going into the large intestine (cecum).
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| What makes up about 40% of the small intestine? | The Jejunum
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| What aspect of the small intestine is the smallest in diameter, but longest in length? | The Ileum
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| Which part of the colon lies in the pelvis, but possesses a wide freedom of motion? | The Sigmoid Colon
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| What is the blind pouch that is inferior to the ileocecal valve? | The Appendix
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| What is the term for the 3 bands of muscle that pull the large intestine into pouches? | Taniae Coli
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| What are the pouches, or sacculations seen along the large intestine called? | Haustra
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| What is an older term for the mucosal folds that produce the feathery appearance of and are found within the Jejunum? | Plicae Circulares
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| Which portion of the small intestine is located primarily to the left of midline? | Jejunum
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| Which portion of the small intestine is located primarily in the RLQ? | The Ileum
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| Which portion of the small intestine has the smoothest internal lining & does not present a feathery appearance when barium filled? | The Ileum
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| Which aspect of the small intestine is most fixed in position? | The Duodenal Flexure
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| In which quadrant does the terminal ileum connect with the large intestine? | The RLQ
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| Which felxure of the large bowel usually extends more superiorly? | The Left Colic Flexure (Splenic Flexure)
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| Which sections of the colon will fill with air during a double contrast BE with the patient supine? | Transverse Colo & Sigmoid Colon
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| Which aspect of the GI tract is primarily responsible for digestion, absorption & reabsorption? | The small intestine?
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| Which aspect of the GI tract is responsible for the synthesis & absorption of vitamins B & K & amino acids? | The large intestine
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| What are the 4 types of digestive movement that occur in the large intestine? | Peristalsis, Haustral Churning, Mass Peristalsis, Defacation
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| What are the 2 types of digestive movement in the small intestine? | Peristalsis & Rhythmic Segmentation
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| What is the double fold of Peritoneum that connects the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall? | The Mesentary
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| What connects the greater curvature of the stomach to transverse colon? | The Greater Omentum
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| What connects the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver? | The Lesser Omentum
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| Which structures of the GI system are located in the retroperitoneal area? | C-Loop of the Duodenum, Pancreas, Ascending Colon, Descending Colon, Upper Rectum
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| What structures of the GI system are located in the Intraperitoneal area? | Stomach, Jejunum, Ileum, Cecum, Transverse Colon, Sigmoid Colon
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| When the patient is supine, what is the relative location of air & barium in the large intestine? | Barium will fall to the retroperitoneal structures, The Ascending & Descending Colon. Air will rise to the Transverse Colon & the Sigmoid Colon.
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| When the patient is prone, what is the relative location of air & barium in the large intestine? | Air will rise to the retroperitoneal structures, The Ascending & Descending Colon. barium will fall to the Transverse Colon & the Sigmoid Colon.
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| What are the 4 primary digestive functions accomplished by the large & small intestine? | Digestion/Ingestion, Absorption, Reabsorption & Elimination.
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