Gym instructor
Help!
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| How many sections are there to the verebral column? | Five
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| How many bones in the cervical section(the neck) | 7
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| How many bones in the thoracic section (the trunk) | 12
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| How many bones in the lumbar section (lower back) | 5
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| How many bones in the Sacrum (pelvic girdle) | 5 (fused together)
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| How many bones in the Coccyx section (below sacrum) | 4 (fused together)
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| How many vertebrae does an adult have as the sacrum and coccyx are fused bones? | 33 child and 24 adult (minus 5 sacrum - 4 coccyx as these bones fuse toether to make one bone each)
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| Name the abnormalities affecting the alignment of the spine | Scoliosis - Lordosis - Kyphosis
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| Describe Scoliosis | abnormal curvature of the thoracic vertebrae - causing spine to lean to one side
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| Lordosis | abnormal curvature of the lumbar causing lumbar to curve and tilting pelvis fwd (looks like a fat Lord with fat tummy)
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| Kyphosis | abnormal curvature of the thoracic vertebrae where the vertebrae is so rounded the shoulders are infront of the hips
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| the vertebrae structure is made up of | 1.the body (centrum) 2. the betebral (neural)arch 3. the processes
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| describe the body or centrum | thick, disc shaped anterior portion, weight bearing part of vertebrae
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| interverebral discs | attach in between the bodies of each verebra and blood vessels enter laterally
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| vertebral or neural arch | extends posteriorly leaves a space for spinal cord, fat and connective tissue and blood vessels
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| How many processes does the verebra have? | 7 in total - 2 transverse (horizontal) 1 singe spinous process projects posteriorly acting as points of attachments for muscles. 2 pairs (4) above and below to form joints with other verebrae.
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| Interverebral discs are made up of? | consist of an outer fibrous ring and inner soft pulpy highly elastic structure.
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| Intervertebral discs functions? | Form strong joints, allow various movements, absorb vertical shock. They flatten, broaden and bulge in order to deal with force.
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| How many nature curves does the spine have? | three
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| What are the curves? | 2 lordotic (hollow curves) one at the cervial vertebrae and one at the lumbar vertebrae
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| Where is the kyphotic rounded curve? | thoracic vertebrae
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