Unit 6 Mr. Wilbur/Barbis: Chapter 22--RB 7
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| show | Mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth; Protects Earth’s surface from sun’s radiation;Helps regulate temperature of Earth’s surface
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| show | Nitrogen (78%);Oxygen (21%);Argon (0.9%);Other (0.1%)
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| show | Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapor
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| show | Removed from air by nitrogen-fixing bacteria;Changes nitrogen into nitrogen compounds;Animals eat plants that contain nitrogen;Nitrogen returned to the soil by decay of plants and animals or animal wastes;Also comes from lightning
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| What processes keep oxygen cycling through atmosphere | show 🗑
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| Importance of Ozone | show 🗑
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| show | Volcanic dust, ash from fires, microscopic organisms, mineral particles
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| show | Force per unit area that is exerted on a surface by weight of the gases (gravity); Force exerted equally in all directions;99% of total mass within 32 km;Temperature decreases as pressure increases
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| show | Millimeters or inches of mercury; millibars; barometer
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| show | 1 atmosphere = 760 mm of mercury = 1000 millibars (sea level = 1 atm)
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| show | Layering of warm air on top of cool air; warm air (less dense) cool air (more dense): can trap cool, polluted air beneath it.
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| show | Any substance in atmosphere that is harmful to people, animals, plants and/or property
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| 3 processes of energy movement throughout atmosphere | show 🗑
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| Conduction | show 🗑
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| Convection | show 🗑
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| Radiation | show 🗑
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| show | Fraction of solar radiation that is reflected off the Earth’s surface of an object
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| show | Warming of surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when carbon dioxide , water vapor, & other gases in the air absorb & reradiate infrared radiation
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| show | Cloud cover keeps radiation from leaving atmosphere;Warm moisture/cold water
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| show | Characteristics of Earth’s surface materials that affects amount of sunshine absorbed: Texture;Color;Composition;Clouds (absorb & keep heat in, keep Earth warmer)
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| Factors causing temperature variations in atmosphere | show 🗑
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| Causes of air movement | show 🗑
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| Global Winds | show 🗑
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| show | Origin of atmosphere gases vented by volcanoes; mostly water vapor (water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen); atmosphere mostly nitrogen/oxygen; most water vapor in oceans
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| show | Place in atmosphere where temperature changes occur; cold in upper atmosphere since no particles to conduct heat (mesopause, stratopause)
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| show | Particles & gas molecules reflect and bend solar rays
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| Reflected | show 🗑
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| Absorbed | show 🗑
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| show | Changes how rays are absorbed, refracted or reflected; water absorbs more energy than land; water vapor stores more heat
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| Coriolis Effect | show 🗑
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| Prevailing winds | show 🗑
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| show | The three looping patterns of air flow in each hemisphere
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| show | Winds that flow in one main direction
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| show | Narrow band of strong winds that blow in the upper troposphere; can cross prevailing winds
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| Local winds | show 🗑
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| Land Breeze | show 🗑
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| show | Warm air above land rises as cool air from above water moves in to replace warm air; flows from cool water to warmer land
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| show | Prevailing winds that blow from east to west from 30 degrees latitude to the equator in both hemispheres
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| Westerlies | show 🗑
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| Polar easterlies | show 🗑
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| show | Trade wind systems of the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere meet at the equator in a narrow zone
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| show | Subtropical high-pressure zones where air approaches 30 degrees latitude and descends causing a high-pressure zone
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| show | Warm air from valleys moves up slopes
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| Mountain breeze | show 🗑
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| show | Land surfaces heat up faster than water
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