ASCP Histology Prep - Fixation & Lab Operation
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| Fixation is the... | show 🗑
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| show | tissue destruction during subsequent steps in processing
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| stabilization is accomplished by | show 🗑
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| The most important step in the histology laboratory | show 🗑
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| Intent of fixation is: | show 🗑
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| show | penetrate tissue quickly + harden the tissue retain micro anatomical structure; maintain histological relationships so the cells can be studied
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| show | dissolving of cells by enzyme action
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| show | breakdown of tissue by bacterial action from within. also called postmortem decomposition
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| T or F: Fixation brings out the differences in refractive indexes of tissues. | show 🗑
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| show | proteins, carbohydrates and lipids held loosely together by hydrogen bonds
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| show | stable bonded complexes
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| show | cross linkage
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| show | strengthening and hardening the tissue
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| RNA and DNA are entrapped in the nucleus by the process of ... | show 🗑
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| show | nucleus.Giving it a sharper more intact appearance.
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| T or F: Lipids in the cell are easily fixed. | show 🗑
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| show | (1) Osmium tetroxide (2) Chromic Acid
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| Some _________ are usually LOST during fixation. | show 🗑
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| show | A glycogen-storage form of glucose is retained during fixation. This is due to the entrapment by fixed proteins.
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| show | Temperature, Size, Tissue/Fixative Volume ratio, Time, Choice of Fixative, Penetration Capability, Tissue storage, pH, Osmolality
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| Osmolality is defined as... | show 🗑
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| show | isotonic
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| show | cause tissue to swell (ie. acetic acid)
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| show | cause tissue to shrink (ie. picric acid)
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| show | formaldehyde-acetic acid-mercuric chloride-methy alcohol-osmium tetroxide-picric acid
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| show | heat
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| show | the concentration of the fixative
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| NON-coagulant fixatives produce a gel that makes penetration difficult.Examples are... | show 🗑
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| Coagulant fixatives establish a network in tissue allowing penetration. Examples are... | show 🗑
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| show | placed in a saline dampened gauze, put in plastic container and put on ice for the short holding time.
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| Kidney biopsy specimens for immunofluorescence frequently are held, or even mailed in ________. | show 🗑
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| Acetic Acid is a non-coagulant and... | show 🗑
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| show | red blood cells
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| Acetic acid warnings: | show 🗑
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| show | gas
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| show | 37%-40% formalin
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| show |
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| show | Natural & Artificial
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| show | from natural resources (ie. HEMATOXYLIN)
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| show | from chemical reactions (greatly outnumber natural dyes)
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| Biological Stain Commission | show 🗑
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| Biological stain commission DOES NOT | show 🗑
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| Dyes are substances... | show 🗑
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| show | the presence of color bearing chemical groups called CHROMOGENS
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| ABsorption | show 🗑
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| ADsorption | show 🗑
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| show | the greater the concentration, the more the dye is bound to tissue components
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| TEMPERATURE of the dye | show 🗑
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| pH of the staining sollution | show 🗑
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| Tissue FIXATION | show 🗑
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| T or F: Unfixed tissue elements have LIMITED binding sites for dyes. | show 🗑
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| show | 1-6.9 ACIDIC.
7-7.4 NEUTRAL.
7.5-14 BASIC.
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| BUFFERS | show 🗑
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| BASIC stains love ACID tissue elements (nuclei & other basophilics) | show 🗑
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| show | REDUCTION = adding electrons
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| show | alters and reorganizes certain molecular structures in tissue samples so that they have an increased permeability and are more receptive to staining.
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| show positive PAS (Rose Red) staining | show 🗑
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| PAS with Diastase | show 🗑
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| PAS counterstain with _______ hematoxylin | show 🗑
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| show | rose red dye in the mucicarmine staining solution gets its color from the aluminum-carminic acid complex carmine
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| Mucicarmine results | show 🗑
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| Mucicarmine is also used to identify | show 🗑
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| show | has an affinity for acidic tissue elements like mucin. The dye gets color from the copper in the molecule
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| Alcian Blue solution with a pH of 1.0 | show 🗑
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| show | stains CARBOLYLATED mucins in connective tissues and cartilage.
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| Alcian Blue used with PAS | show 🗑
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| show | its 2nd NH2 group is left free to react w/Schiff (which is used to detect aldehydes).
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| Glutaraldehyde fixes ____ and binds ________. | show 🗑
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