Pain medications
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| show | *Physical component, the sensation of pain. *Psychological component, emotional response to pain.
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| What type of pain creates an autonomic response that originates within the sympathetic nervous system, flooding the body with epinephrine? | show 🗑
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| show | Chronic pain
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| show | Neuropathic pain
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| Define Addiction: | show 🗑
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| show | Drugs that are added as a second drug for combined therapy and may have additive or independent analgesic properties or both.
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| Define Agonist: | show 🗑
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| show | Drug that binds to a receptor & prevents (blocks) a response.
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| show | Medications that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness
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| Define Narcotics: | show 🗑
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| show | Opioid
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| show | Synthetic drugs that bind to opiate receptors to relieve pain but are not derived from the opium plant.
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| Define Synergistic effects: | show 🗑
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| What are the 5 categories of non-opioid analgesics? | show 🗑
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| show | Aspirin, Aspirin products
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| What drugs fall under the 'Acetic acid derivitives' category? | show 🗑
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| What drugs fall under the 'COX 2 inhibitors' category? | show 🗑
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| What drugs fall under the 'Enolic Acid derivatives' category | show 🗑
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| show | Ibuprofen, Naproxen
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| What route are non-opioid analgesics eliminated? | show 🗑
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| How do non-opioid analgesics block pain impulses? | show 🗑
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| show | Tramadol (ultram)
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| show | Inhibits the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin.
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| show | *analgesic effects *antipyretic effects *anti-inflammatory effects
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| Why would non-opioids be prescribed with opioids? | show 🗑
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| Define Antagonist: | show 🗑
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| show | Medications that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness
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| Define Narcotics: | show 🗑
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| What is associated with salicylates when administered to children and teens. | show 🗑
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| What term is replacing 'Narcotics' in the medical field? | show 🗑
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| show | Synthetic drugs that bind to opiate receptors to relieve pain but are not derived from the opium plant.
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| show | Doses of 150mg/kg
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| show | Drug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two or more drugs with similar actions is greater that the sum of the individual effects of the same drugs given alone. *Example 1 + 1 is greater than 2.
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| show | *Salicylates *Acetic Acid derivatives *COX 2 inhibitors *Enolic Acid derivatives *Propionic Acid derivatives
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| show | Aspirin, Aspirin products
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| show | Clinioril, Toradol
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| What drugs fall under the 'COX 2 inhibitors' category? | show 🗑
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| What drugs fall under the 'Enolic Acid derivatives' category | show 🗑
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| show | Ibuprofen, Naproxen
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| What route are non-opioid analgesics eliminated? | show 🗑
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| How do non-opioid analgesics block pain impulses? | show 🗑
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| show | Tramadol (ultram)
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| How does Tramadol block pain? | show 🗑
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| what are the three effects non-opioid analgesics have? | show 🗑
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| Why would non-opioids be prescribed with opioids? | show 🗑
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| List some contra-indications of non-opioid analgesics | show 🗑
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| What are the 'Black box warning' contra-indications of non-opioid analgesics? | show 🗑
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| What is associated with salicylates when administered to children and teens. | show 🗑
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| show | salicylates
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| show | False. Combining Salicylates with NSAIDs increases GI toxicity and provides NO therapeutic advantage
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| At what dose of acetaminophen is hepatic toxicity possible? | show 🗑
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| What is the max standard daily dose (healthy adults) for acetaminophen? | show 🗑
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| What is the toxic dose of acetominophen for the elderly or persons with liver disease? | show 🗑
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| Define Antagonist: | show 🗑
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| show | Medications that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness
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| Define Narcotics: | show 🗑
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| show | Opioid
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| show | Synthetic drugs that bind to opiate receptors to relieve pain but are not derived from the opium plant.
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| show | Drug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two or more drugs with similar actions is greater that the sum of the individual effects of the same drugs given alone. *Example 1 + 1 is greater than 2.
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| What are the 5 categories of non-opioid analgesics? | show 🗑
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| What drugs fall under the 'Salicylate' category? | show 🗑
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| What drugs fall under the 'Acetic acid derivitives' category? | show 🗑
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| What drugs fall under the 'COX 2 inhibitors' category? | show 🗑
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| What drugs fall under the 'Enolic Acid derivatives' category | show 🗑
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| What drugs fall under the 'Propionic Acid derivatives' category? | show 🗑
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| show | Excreted through the liver and kidneys
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| show | by inhibiting the enzyme that is necessary for prostaglandin synthesis
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| What is the only exception to non-opioids inhibiting the prostoglandin synthesis? | show 🗑
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| show | Inhibits the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin.
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| show | *analgesic effects *antipyretic effects *anti-inflammatory effects
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| Why would non-opioids be prescribed with opioids? | show 🗑
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| show | *Known drug allergy *Bleeding disorders *Third trimester of pregnancy *Peptic Ulcer disease *Severe renal or hepatic disease
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| What are the 'Black box warning' contra-indications of non-opioid analgesics? | show 🗑
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| What is associated with salicylates when administered to children and teens. | show 🗑
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| show | salicylates
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| show | False. Combining Salicylates with NSAIDs increases GI toxicity and provides NO therapeutic advantage
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| At what dose of acetaminophen is hepatic toxicity possible? | show 🗑
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| show | 4,000mg day
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| show | 2,000mg day
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| What is acute hepatotoxicity treated with? | show 🗑
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| show | Foul smelling (rotten eggs) with an extremely bad taste
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| show | *First 24 hours: pallor, diaphoresis, malaise, vomiting *18-72 hrs: Right upper quadrant abdominal tenderness, tachycardia, hypotension *72-96 hrs: jaundice, coagulopathy, GI bleeding
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| show | tinnitus and hearing loss
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| What is the most common symptom of chronic Salicylate intoxication in children? | show 🗑
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| show | Mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosis, respiratory failure, confusion and seizures
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| show | *Take with a full glass of water *remain upright for 15-30 minutes after administration. *Do not take longer than 10 days Adults 5 days Children
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| show | non-opioid analgesic use prior to surgery (risk of bleeding)
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| show | *Meperidine-like drugs *Methadone-like drugs *Morphine like drugs
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| What medications fall under the 'methadone-like drugs' category? | show 🗑
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| What medications fall under the 'morphine-like drugs' category? | show 🗑
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| show | Meperidine (Demerol), Fentanyl
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| show | 50% absorbed from the GI tract
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| True or False: Opioids fall under the many drug categories that DONT cross the placenta. | show 🗑
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| What metabolizes opiods? | show 🗑
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| show | The kidneys
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| show | Balanced anasthesia
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| show | Respiratory depression/ decrease in respiratory rate & depth
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| List three drugs the negatively interact with opioid analgesics | show 🗑
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| What drugs can cause increased potential for respiratory depression, seizures and hypotension | show 🗑
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| show | *Increased potential for respiratory *Depression, seizures and hypotension
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| show | Naloxone (narcan)
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| show | 1-2 minutes
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| What medication Used in the treatment opioid dependency, blocks the euphoric effects experienced and can be used in the treatment of alcoholism? | show 🗑
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| List 4 adverse effects of Naloxone (Narcan) | show 🗑
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| List 4 adverse effects of Naltrexone | show 🗑
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| How long after opioid medication peak should you monitor level of consciousness? | show 🗑
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| True or False: Naloxones effects last as long as the opioid its blocking | show 🗑
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| show | Respiratory depression
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| show | Romazicon (Flumazenil)
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| show | Every 15-30 minutes until the Pt leaves for surgery
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| show | Drugs that depress the CNS or peripheral nerves to produce diminution of consciousness, loss of responsiveness to sensory stimulation, or muscle relaxation
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| show | use of combinations of different drug classes rather than a single drug to produce anesthesia
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| What is the therapeutic effect (purpose) of general anasthesia? | show 🗑
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| show | to produce anesthesia that results in loss of sensation to an area of the body.
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