AP Human Geo Unit 1
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| Activity space | area that you normally cover in a day
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| Biome | a major ecological community type
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| Core area | The center, heart, focus of whatever you’re measuring
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| Cultural ecology | geographic approach that emphasizes human environment relationships
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| Carl Sauer | The first American environmentalist, discovered that man could seriously have a negative impact on the natural environment
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| Cultural landscape | human imprint upon the natural landscape
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| Density | the frequency in which something occurs in space
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| Arithmetic density | the total number of objects in an area; commonly used to compare the populations in different cities
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| Physiological density | Number of people per unit of area suitable for agriculture
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| Agricultural density | Number of farmers per unit area of farmland
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| Diffusion | when connections are made between regions; the process by which a characteristic spreads across space
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| Relocation diffusion | the spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another
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| Expansion diffusion | spread of a feature from one place to another in a snowballing process
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| Hierarchical diffusion | spread of an idea from persons/nodes of authority or power to another person or place
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| Contagious diffusion | rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population
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| Stimulus diffusion | spread of an underlying principle (characteristic itself fails to diffuse)
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| Distance decay | If the distance is further there will be less traffic in that area
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| Distribution | The arrangement of a feature in space
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| Environmental determinism | Philosophy (old approach) that says the environment limits a societies ability to develop
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| Fertile crescent | Crescent-shaped region containing the comparatively moist and fertile land of otherwise arid and semi-arid Western Asia; considered the home of agriculture
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| GIS | Computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data
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| GPS | system that determines the precise position of something on earth though a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers
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| Gravity model | If the places are every large, they could have a ‘magnetic’ effect on one another pulling people from place to place. If the places are further apart, the gravitational pull will begin to drop off.
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| Hearth | a place from which an innovation originates
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| Cultural hearth | the area from which a culture originates from
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| Intervening opportunities | an opportunity in-between destinations which allows you not to travel the full distance
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| Landscape | all the visible features of an area of land
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| Natural landscape | Landscapes that are unaffected by cultural influence
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| Built landscape | is represented by features and patterns reflecting human occupation and use of natural resources
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| Cartography | the science of map making
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| Ptolemy | a Greek astronomer and geographer whose teachings influenced medieval thought and a geocentric view of the cosmos
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| Cartogram | a map in which some thematic mapping variable is substituted for land area
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| Isoline map | a map containing continuous lines joining all points of identical value
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| Mental map | an internal representative of a portion of earth’s surface based on what an individual knows about a place, containing personal impressions of what is in a place and where places are located
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| Mercator | straight meridians and parallels that intersect at right angles, used for marine navigation
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| Robinson | distorts shape, area, scale, and distance in an attempt to balance the errors of projection properties
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| Node | a point at which lines or pathways connect, a central or connecting point
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| Peripheral area | Area with a low percentage of what you’re measuring
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| Place | a specific point on earth distinguished by a particular character
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| Placelessness | an object that does not have transversal context, and is usually not meant to have one
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| Possibilism | Possibly the natural environment might control a societies ability to fully develop, but technology could assist the society to control the environment
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| Formal region | A lot of people in that area have a trait in common that people outside of the area do not have
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| Functional region | Within the region there is one or more headquarters (nodes) and people within the area are connected to the node
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| Perceptual/vernacular region | No one can agree exactly where the region begins or ends, could probably agree on core areas but not peripheral areas
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| Remote sensing | the acquisition of data about earth’s surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or other long-distance methods
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| Vernacular region | a place that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity. These regions emerge from peoples informal sense of place rather than from scientific models
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| Site | the physical characteristic of a place
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| Situation | the location of a place relative to other places
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| Sustainability | providing the best outcomes for human and natural environments both in the present and for the future
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| Space-time compression | The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place, as a result of improved communications, transportation, and technology systems
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| Toponym | the name given to a portion of Earth’s surface
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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