Adult 1 GI site Group 1 Mr. Justice (Tamara, Anissa)
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| Esophageal varices are | show 🗑
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| Peristalsis | show 🗑
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| show | Enzyme to digest starch
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| show | Ingestion & Propulsion of food, Digestion, Absorption, Elimination
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| show | Finger-like folds of the small intestines; they increase the surface for absorption
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| Which is the only organ in the body that has both endocrine and exocrine functions? | show 🗑
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| What is the exocrine function of the pancreas? | show 🗑
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| show | Vagus Nerve
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| show | Metabolic function (metabolisms), Bile synthesis, Storage of glucose in form of glycogen, Break down of old RBC’s, WBC’s, and bacteria
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| show | The esophagogastric junction remains in the normal position, but the fundus and greater curvature of the stomach roll up through the diaphragm forming a pocket alongside the esophagus
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| show | Sore or lesion
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| show | Burning or indigestion
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| Hernia | show 🗑
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| Hemorrhoids | show 🗑
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| Fissure | show 🗑
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| What do you assess for pain r/t GERD? | show 🗑
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| show | Encourage fluids to get rid of barium , Monitor BM – may be whitish d/t barium, Be observant for constipation, Stool softeners and laxatives as ordered
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| What are some non-invasive diagnostic tests? | show 🗑
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| show | Insertion of flexible tube into esophagus through the stomach and into the duodenum of the small intestines, Performed under MAC (monitored anesthesia care) – “Twilight sleep”, Pt. able to communicate if needed, Can be done outside of OR
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| show | To assess for sites of bleeding, Identify ulcerations/lesions, Detect strictures, masses or tears, Repair of acute bleed, Biopsy
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| show | Remove gall stones obstructing bile duct, (if distal), Dilate strictures, Biopsy tumors, Diagnose pseudocysts
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| Lab Work | show 🗑
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| show | Occurs when food is dumped out of stomach quickly such as after gastric stapling or resection of stomach
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| A 68 year old patient awakens at night with heartburn & belching. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms may occur when there is abnormal relaxation of the | show 🗑
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| show | keep the patient NPO until the gag reflex returns
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| show | acetaminophen
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| show | slow the feeding flow rate
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| A patient with chronic GERD is experiencing increasing discomfort. During assessment of pt's current management of the problem, the nurse determines that further teaching is needed when the patient states | show 🗑
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| When teaching a pt. with GERD about recommended dietary modifications, the nurse explains foods that decrease lower esophageal spincter pressure and should be avoided include | show 🗑
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| Upper GI assesses for | show 🗑
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| show | encourage fluids, Monitor BM
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| Monitor BM after barium tests for | show 🗑
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| show | cysts, abscesses, stones of gallbladder or kidney, masses or tumors
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| show | Abdominal US, CT scan, MRI/MRCP, and gastric emptying
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| show | NPO after midnight prior to the test
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| show | sites of bleeding, identifies ulcerations/lesions, detects strictures, masses or tears, repair of acute bleeding, biopsy
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| show | Under MAC, "twilight sleep", pt. able to communicate if needed, can be done outside the OR
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| show | into the esophagus through the stomach and into the duodenum of the small intestine
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| show | Urobilinogen, serum protein, ammonia levels, serum enzymes
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| If ammonia level is elevated, patient will show s/s of | show 🗑
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| What electrolyte is usually elevated in malnutrition? | show 🗑
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| show | RBC Hgb
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| show | Bowel sounds; Normal GI tract functioning
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| show | If NPO for longperiod; need to bypass stomach due to disease,surgery,trauma,or lack of emptying;any sit. where need more nutrition than able to retain orally(chem,rad,burns,dysphagia),at risk for aspiration,anorexia, orofacial fx ,head/neck surg
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| show | What face for signs of aspiration
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| Dumping Syndrome occurs... | show 🗑
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| show | start with more dilute feeding & increase concentration as tolerates; if symptoms occur, get orders for more dilute concentration; lie down after bolus feeding in case have BP drop, etc.,
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| show | irrigate with 30-50cmL (or ordered amt) before and after administering anything through tube; Usuall receive 250-500mL/shift of water
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| Feedings should hang no longer than? | show 🗑
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| Thrush | show 🗑
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| Tx of thrush | show 🗑
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| show | similar to thrush, prominent in CA patients, pallative care can be included with Nystatin if needed
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| What should you do with suction when performing abd assessments | show 🗑
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| What is GERD | show 🗑
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| What relieves pyrosis (heartburn) | show 🗑
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| show | Hx, endoscopy (shows edema & erosion), Ambulatory pH monitoring
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| show | esophageal stricture from scar tissue, Barrett's esophagus, aspiration pneumonia
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| Treatment of GERD | show 🗑
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| show | chocolate, peppermint, caffeine, onions, fatty foods, alcohol
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| What foods should GERD patients avoid that cause inc. acid production | show 🗑
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| show | 1-2 hours after meals and qhs
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| show | neutralize acid
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| show | Aluminum hydroxide, Mg hydroxide, Calcium carbonate, Sodium bicarbonate
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| show | Same as GERD, Belching, possible GI bleed,
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| Dx of Hiatal Hernia | show 🗑
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| show | esophagitis, aspiration, strangulation or incarceration
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| show | usually conservative (almost same as GERD), eating small meals, weight control, avoid tight constrictive clothing
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| show | Antacids for reflux
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| show | Nissen Fundoplication; Angelchik prosthesis
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| Dysphagia results from | show 🗑
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| show | dependent on underlying cause
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| Gastritis | show 🗑
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| Acute gastritis | show 🗑
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| show | usually in elderly; thins and degenerates stomach wall;
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| show | Vague; Fullness, N/V, anorexia, epigastric pain
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| Dx of gastritis | show 🗑
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| show | small meals, soft/bland diet, avoid alcohol & aspirin, take B12 supplement
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| show | erosion of the mucous membrane of the GI tract from digestive action of HCl & pepsin
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| show | esophagus, gastric, duodenal (most common)
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| show | gnawing epigastric pain with pain -food relief patterns, may radiate to back, relieved by antacids, worse when lean forward, worse when stomach empty
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| show | barium swallow, endoscopy, gastrin level studies, H.pylori detection
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| show | hemmorhage, large vessel bleed, obstruction, perforation
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| show | occult blood in stool, anemia, fatigue
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| show | hematemesis, tarry stool, coffee-ground emesis - Emergency call PCP
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| S/S from an obstruction associated with ulcers | show 🗑
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| show | NG tube for decompression, f/e replacement, surgery to open pyloric sphincter
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| S/S of a perforation with ulcers | show 🗑
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| Tx of ulcers | show 🗑
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| Medications for ulcers | show 🗑
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| show | hypotension, sweating, weakness & palpitations occur
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| show | avoid simple sugars & CHO, diet higher in protein & fats, avoid liquids with meals, small freq meals, lie down after meals for safety
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