Respiratory A & P test 3 flashcards
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| What percentage of the blood is solid and liquid | 45% solid & 55% liquid
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| Function of the red blood cells | Carries oxygen and carbon dioxide
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| name 5 white blood cell types | Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes
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| Increased white blood cell count shows signs of | Infection (Bacterial)
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| Most numerous type of white blood cells | Neutrophils
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| Function of platelets (Thrombocytes) | Seals small tears in blood vessels (Blood clotting)
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| 5 components of blood plasma | Water 93%, Proteins, electrolytes, food substances, Respiratory gasses, Individual hormones, waste products
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| name of abnormally low RBC | Anemia
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| what are two types of causes for Anemia | Losing red blood cells, and not making red blood cells
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| What is the most common reason for Anemia | Hemmoraging
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| What is the Normal RBC count | 4 to 6 million (5 million)
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| What is the name for High RBC count | Polycythemia
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| Normal range for white blood cells | 4 to 11 thousand
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| Term that means below normal range for white blood cell count | Leukopenia (under 4 thousand)
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| Term for higher than normal range white blood cell count | Leukocytosis (over 11 thousand)
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| Define thrombus | stationary blood clot
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| Define Embolus | Moving blood clot
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| Define Anticoagulant | Against clotting
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| Define thrombolytic | Clot buster
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| give normal Hemoglobin for male and female | Male 14 to 16 gram %, Female 12 to 15 gram %
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| What is the function of hemoglobin | Carries oxygen to tissues and CO2 back to lungs
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| Two pumping chambers of the heart | Left ventricle, right ventricle
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| what are the two sets of valves in the heart | Atrioventricular valves, Semilunar valves
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| Trace conduction pathway through the heart | SA node, Internodal tracts, AV node, bundle of HIS, right and left bundle branches, purkingie fibers
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| What is MI | Myocardial infarction
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| What is CABG | Corinary Artery Bipass Graph
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| What is ECG | Electro cardiogram
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| What is EEG | electro encephelogram
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| Trace the flow of blood through the heart from the vena cava to the Aorta | Vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid, right ventricle, pulmonary semilunar valve (Pulmonic), pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve (Bicuspid), left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta
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| 3 layers of the heart | Visceral paricardium (epicardium), myocardium, endocardium
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| two upper chambers of the heart | Atria
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| two lower chambers of the heart | ventricles
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| two pumping chambers of the heart | ventricles
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| the walls that seperate these chambers are called | septum
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| Atrioventricular valves include | Right side tricuspid valve, left side bicuspid (mitral) valve
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| The right heart pumps blood to | the lungs (pulmonary circulation)
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| the left heart pumps blood to | all parts of the body (Systemic circulation)
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| Pulmonary artery pressure is | 25 systolic/ 8 diastolic
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| % of venous blood that drains into right atrium | 95%
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| % of venous blood that drains into Thebesian veins | 5%
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| Thebesian veins empty into | the left heart
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| Thebesian veins create | anatomic shunt (Blood bypasses lungs without gaining oxygen)
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| Blockage of the coronary artery leads to | MI (Myocardial infarction)also known as a heart attack
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| Electrocardiography Depolarization | contraction (Systole)
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| Electrocardiography Repolarization | relaxation (diastole)
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| Electrocardiography P wave | begin atrial depolarization
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| Electrocardiography QRS | Ventricular depolarization
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| Electrocardiography T wave | ventricular repolarization
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| Atrial repolarization is hidden behind | QRS complex
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| ECG traces the electrical imulse through | the heart
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| When the hearts electrical pulse is messed up | arrhythmmia occurs
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| Arrhythmia means | the heart is out of it's normal rhythm
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| Heart block refers to | blockage of electrical impulses which cause heart contractions
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| what may be indicated to correct the electrical pulses & make them regular | pace maker
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| Heart failure | inability of heart to pump enough blood due to weak heart muscle
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| Heart failure is caused by | cardiomyopathy, valve disorders, myocardial infarction
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| poor myocardial tissue perfusion | ischemia
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| complete coronary blockage results in | necrosis (Tissue death)
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| left ventricle failure | CHF (Congestive heart faiure)
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| Clinical sign of left ventricle failure | pulmonary edema
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| right ventricle failure | cor pulmonale
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| clinical sign of right ventricle failure | distended neck veins
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