Introduction to Common Complications of Pregnancy
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| What are the two broad categories of pregnancy complications? | show 🗑
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| What diagnostic test can guarantee the birth of a healthy baby? | show 🗑
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| show | A full bladder
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| List the uses of ultrasounds for pregnancy: | show 🗑
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| show | 10 - 30 minutes
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| show | *Position on back with head and knees supported *Elevate head so that she can see the screen *Turn slightly to one side to prevent hypotension
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| What test makes use of high frequency sound waves to study the flow of blood through the umbilical artery and vessels, determining adequacy of blood flow? | show 🗑
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| What is the predominate protein in fetal plasma? | show 🗑
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| What screening determines the level of this fetal protein in the pregnant woman's serum or in a sample of amniotic fluid? | show 🗑
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| show | neural tube defects, such as spina bifida (open spine), anencephaly (incomplete development of the skull and brain), or gastroschisis (open abdominal cavity)
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| What are low levels of Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) associated with? | show 🗑
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| show | *Gestational age *Maternal weight *Multifetal pregnancy *Race *Maternal diabetes
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| show | Chorionic Villus Sampling
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| What are the types of chorionic villus sampling techniques? | show 🗑
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| show | The insertion of a thin needle through the abdominal and uterine walls to obtain a sample of amniotic fluid, which contains cast-off fetal cells and various other fetal products
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| When is EARLY amniocentesis performed? | show 🗑
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| show | 15 to 20 weeks’ gestation
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| Why are mid-trimester amniocentesis' done? | show 🗑
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| Why are third trimester amniocentesis' done? | show 🗑
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| What does a non-stress test (NST) determine? | show 🗑
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| How long does a non-stress test (NST) take? | show 🗑
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| show | Identifies fetal compromise in conditions associated with poor placenta function, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or post-term gestation
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| What is used to confirm a nonreactive non-stress test (NST) findings? | show 🗑
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| show | An artificial larynx device is used to stimulate the fetus with sound; expected response is acceleration of the fetal heart rate, as in NST
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| What is an evaluation of the fetal heart rate response to mild uterine contractions by using an external fetal monitor? | show 🗑
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| When is Contraction Stress Testing conducted? | show 🗑
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| What test is used to determine how the fetal central nervous system reacts to hypoxemia and fetal acidosis? | show 🗑
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| show | Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling
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| What is it called when the mother counts the number of fetal movements in a prescribed period of time? | show 🗑
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| show | Persistent, uncontrollable vomiting that begins before the 20th week of pregnancy
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| show | *Severe congenital abnormalities incompatible with life *Chromosomal defects account for about 50-60%
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| What are the six spontanious abortion sub-groups? | show 🗑
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| What is threatened abortion? | show 🗑
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| What is inevitable abortion? | show 🗑
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| What is incomplete abortion? | show 🗑
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| What should be stopped if a threatened abortion is present? | show 🗑
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| What is missed abortion? | show 🗑
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| What is recurrent abortion? | show 🗑
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| show | *Scarring/abnormality in tube *Inflammation *Surgery *IUD *Hx of ectopic pregnancy
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| What are some manifestations of ectopic pregnancy? | show 🗑
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| show | Although implantation can occur in the abdomen or cervix, more than 98% occur in the fallopian tube.
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| What is the medical management of an ectopic pregnancy with an unruptured tube? | show 🗑
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| show | goal is to control bleeding and prevent hypovolemic shock. Salpingectomy (tube removal) and ligation of bleeding vessels may be required
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| What is Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)? | show 🗑
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| show | abruption placentae, incomplete abortion, hypertensive disease or infectious process. May occur if the fetus is retained for a prolonged period
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| show | *Chest pain or dyspnea *Restless and cyanotic, occasionally expectorating frothy, blood-tinged mucus
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| show | *Correct cause *Administer blood products *Oxygen therapy (High flow) *Delivery ASAP
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| show | implantation of the placenta in the lower uterus. As a result the placenta is closer to the internal cervical os than the presenting part of the fetus
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| What are the three types of placenta previa? | show 🗑
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| What are the manifestations of placenta previa? | show 🗑
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| show | premature separation of a normally implanted placenta from the uterine wall.
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| What is the point of viability of the fetus (survive outside of mother)? | show 🗑
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| What are the predisposing factors for abruptio placentae? | show 🗑
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| What is the nursing management of abruptio placentae? | show 🗑
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