Infectious, Inflammatory, and Parasitic Disorders of the Skin
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| What virus is involved with herpes simplex? | Herpes virus hominis
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| What characterizes Type 1 Herpes Simplex? | vesicles at the corner of the mouth, lips, or in the nose causing the common cold sore.
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| What characterizes Type 2 Herpes Simplex? | by vesicles in the genital areas transmitted primarily through sexual contact
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| How long may the lesions from Herpes Simplex last? | 2 to 3 weeks
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| What occurs after the vesicles erupt in herpes simplex type 2? | Headache, fatigue, myalgia and elevated temperature, or flu-like symptoms occur 3-4 days after the vesicles erupt
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| What is the medical Tx of Herpes? | *Acyclovir (Zovirax) *Analgesics (Tylenol)
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| How does Acyclovir (Zovirax) Tx herpes? | when the herpes virus attempts to reproduce and spread to other cells in the body, Zovirax disrupts the replication of the viral DNA
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| What causes Herpes Zoster? | the varicella virus that causes chicken pox (Herpes varicellae)
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| What characterizes Herpes Zoster? | by lesions along the nerve fibers of spinal ganglia
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| What are the first symptoms of herpes zoster? | are pain, itching, and heightened sensitivity along the nerve pathway
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| How long dos the pain from herpes zoster last? | 7 to 28 days
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| What lotions relieve pruritis in PTs with outbreaks of herpes zoster? | *Kenalog *Lidex
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| Wet dressings may be soaked in what to to loosen crusts, decrease oozing, and soothe affected areas in PTs with outbreaks of herpes? | Burrows solution
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| What causes impetigo? | staphylococcus aureus, streptococci or a mixed bacterial infection of the skin
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| How does impetigo appear? | Honey-colored crust over dried lesions and smooth, red skin under the crust
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| Tx of impetigo: | *Clean the area with antiseptics such as Betadine or Hibiclens, then remove dry exudates using special instruments *Apply topical antibiotics several times a day
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| What causes Furuncles (boils)? | A bacterial inflammation of the skin caused by Staphylococcus infection of a hair follicle
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| What are Dermatophytoses? | Fungal infections
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| What is Tinea Capitus? | ringworm of the scalp
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| How does Tinea Capitus appear? | *Erythematous, round lesions with pustules around the edges *Causes alopecia at the site
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| What is Tinea Corporis? | ringworm of the body
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| How does Tinea Corporis appear? | *Flat lesions that are clear in the center with erythematous borders (almost like bullseyes) *Scaliness is found *Pruritus is severe
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| What is Tinea Cruris? | "Jock Itch"
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| How does Tinea Cruris appear? | *Brownish-red lesions that migrate out from the groin area *Pruritus *Excoriation due to scratching
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| What is the most common of all fungal infections? | Tinea Pedis "athletes foot"
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| How does Tinea Pedis appear? | Fissures and vesicles found around and below the toes
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| Topical Tx of fungal infections: | Tinactin and/or Desenex
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| Oral Tx of fungal infections: | Fulvicin and/or Grifulvin
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| How long does Tx of fungal infections last? | 2 to 6 weeks
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| What kind of light is a tool in diagnosing tinea capis? | Woods lamp
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| What are elevated in PTs with contact dermatitis? | IgE levels and eosinophils are elevated
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| Rx Tx of contact dermatitis: | *Corticosteroids and Benadryl to treat the inflammation, edema and pruritus *Wet dressings using Burow's solution
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| Should hot or cold compresses be applied to herpes outbreaks? | Hot
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| Should hot or cold compresses be applied to contact dermatitis? | Cold
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| What is Dermatitis Venenata? | the common term for poison ivy and poison oak
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| What is Acne Vulgaris? | An inflammatory papulopustular skin eruption that involves the sebaceous glands, which developes when oil glands become occluded.
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| What is Psoriasis? | A NONINFECTIOUS disease where skin sloughing and generation of new skin cells occurs more rapidly than the normal 28 days
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| How does Psoriasis appear? | Lesions appear as raised, erythematous, silvery, scaling plaques
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| Where does Psoriasis generally appear? | scalp, elbows, knees, chin and trunk
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| What will a PT with psoriasis C/O? | Mild pruritis
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| What is given to PTs with psoriasis to decrease shedding of skin? | Keratolytic agents such as tar preparations and Salicylic Acid (Calicylic)
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| What is PUVA therapy? | *Photochemotherapy involves the use of methoxsalen (Psoralen) is given orally *The patient then is placed under ultraviolet light A
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| What is PUVA therapy used to Tx? | *Psoriasis *Eczema *Dermatitis *Vitiligo
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| What vitamin may reduce epidermal proliferation in psoriasis? | Vitamin D
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| What are Pediculosis? | *Lice *A parasitic disorder of the skin usually associated with poor living conditions and poor hygiene
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| Inspection of the skin of a PT with Pediculosis will reveal what? | erythema, petechiae and skin excoriation in the area of the lice or nits
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| What are the pediculocides used in Tx of lice? | Lindane (Kwell) or pyrethrins (RID)
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| How long should a PT with lice contaminated items be bagged in sealed plastic bags to kill lice? | 2 weeks (If they cannot be laundered)
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| What causes scabies? | *The female itch mite penetrating and burrowing under the skin *Once under the skin the mite lays eggs that mature and rise to the skin surface
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| Where is scabies normally found? | *hands *arms *body folds *genitalia
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| Medical Tx of scabies: | *Lindane (Kwell) and/or pyrethrins (RID) *Crotamiton (Eurax) *4%-8% solution of sulfur in petrolatum
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