Clin Lab 1- Equipment, Hematology and Morphology
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| macroscopic | show 🗑
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| show | of extremely small size, visible only with the aid of a microscope
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| show | distance between the objective and the top surface of the specimen when in focus
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| show | degree to which the microscope will produce detail of an image; the better the microscope the better the resolution
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| field | show 🗑
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| show | the degree to which an image is enlarged
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| show | objective magnification power multiplied by the eyepiece magnification
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| parafocal | show 🗑
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| show | mirrors within the microscope that reverse the image so the specimen can be revealed
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| monocular | show 🗑
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| show | microscope with 2 eye pieces
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| show | composed of 2 or more magnifying lenses
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| bright field microscope | show 🗑
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| show | utilizes a dark background; has a special condenser and image appears lighter
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| fluorescent microscope | show 🗑
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| electron microscope | show 🗑
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| neck | show 🗑
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| stand | show 🗑
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| stage | show 🗑
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| stage fingers | show 🗑
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| turret | show 🗑
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| show | most microscopes have 3-4
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| 4x objective | show 🗑
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| show | low power-identifies larger specimens and locates areas of a slide; fecals, urine casts, Knotts HWTs, external parasite viewing
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| 40x objective | show 🗑
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| show | oil immersion largest objective
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| coarse focus knob | show 🗑
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| fine focus knob | show 🗑
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| show | gathers, organizes, and directs light through the specimen from under the microscope
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| iris diaphragm | show 🗑
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| show | more
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| The lower the magnification, the ______ the working distance. | show 🗑
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| show | separates cells and particles from the fluids they reside in; concentrates cells or sediment materials for analysis
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| micro-hematocrit centrifuge | show 🗑
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| show | specific gravity and TP
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| show | counts WBCs, RBCs, and platelets
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| show | uses light specific wavelengths
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| show | uses reagents
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| show | counts RBCs, WBCs, platelets, and MCH
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| show | 1. transportation of oxygen, nutrients, waste products, and hormones 2. regulation of body temperature, tissue fluid content, and blood pH 3. defense system- white blood cells phagocytize, platelets and clotting factors
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| What is the fluid portion of blood made up of? | show 🗑
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| show | Rbcs, Wbcs, and platelets
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| erythrocyte | show 🗑
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| show | white blood cell
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| erythropoesis | show 🗑
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| show | the formation or production of WBCs
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| show | carry oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and cells
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| Where are RBCs produced? | show 🗑
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| show | hemoglobin
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| show | lack of production, destruction by the body, or blood loss due to trauma
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| anemia | show 🗑
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| show | increase of RBCs
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| show | increase of RBC production or a release from the spleen
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| hemoglobin | show 🗑
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| show | hemoglobin
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| show | anemia due to blood loss or malnutrition (low iron)
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| hypochromic anemia | show 🗑
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| plasma | show 🗑
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| What portion of plasma is water? | show 🗑
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| serum | show 🗑
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| plasma protein | show 🗑
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| What is the main function of the WBCs? | show 🗑
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| What are the 2 categories of WBCs? | show 🗑
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| show | neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
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| What are the agranulocytes? | show 🗑
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| show | bone marrow deficiency
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| What is necessary for clotting to occur? | show 🗑
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| Where are platelets formed? | show 🗑
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| show | spleen
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| Where are 2/3rd of all the platelets in the body located? | show 🗑
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| hematology | show 🗑
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| hematopoiesis | show 🗑
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| show | outside the lining of the body
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| whole blood | show 🗑
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| show | having no tendency to develop into a new tissue
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| show | the time it takes for a small, pin-point wound to stop bleeding
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| show | the formation of abnormal notching around the edge of an erythrocyte
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| heinz body | show 🗑
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| show | small, round, or oval bodies seen in erythrocytes when stains are added to fresh blood and found in various types of anemia after speenectomy or reduced splenic function
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| show | erythrocyte that is normal in size, shape and color
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| show | larger than normal cells
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| show | smaller than normal cells
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| show | normal color of erythrocytes
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| show | method for diluting blood in preparing for counting blood cells
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| show | variation in the color and staining of RBCs
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| show | alteration in the distribution of WBCs in the peripheral blood where there is an increase in the number of immature neutrophils
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| show | an excess of monocytes in the blood
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| monocytopenia | show 🗑
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| show | decrease of the number of lymphocytes in the blood
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| show | excess number of lymphocytes in the blood
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| eosinopenia | show 🗑
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| show | the formation and accumulation of an abnormally large number of eosinophils in the blood
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| show | deficiency of basophils
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| pancytopenia | show 🗑
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| show | decrease in the number of platelets in circulating blood
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| show | increase in the number of platelets in the circulating blood
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| show | nothing
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| show | a silicone plug and a clot activator
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| show | EDTA-ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid
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| What type of anticoagulant/additive does a blue top tube have? | show 🗑
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| show | lithium heparin
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| What type of anticoagulant/additive does a gray top tube have? | show 🗑
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| What blood tubes yield serum? | show 🗑
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| show | blue, green, gray, and lavender
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| What are the 2 main goals in veinipunture? | show 🗑
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| What should influence the gauge of the needle used? | show 🗑
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| show | patient and vessel size, amount of blood needed, use of sample, tech preference
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| show | fluid=plasma, and cells=RBCs, WBCs, and platelets
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| Packed Cell Volume (PCV) | show 🗑
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| What makes up the buffy coat layer in a PCV? | show 🗑
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| What is included in the complete blood count (CBC)? | show 🗑
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| show | normal
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| show | icteric
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| red colored plasma | show 🗑
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| show | lipemic
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| What is the normal range for PCV for dogs? | show 🗑
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| show | 24-45%
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| What is another name for PCV? | show 🗑
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| What are the 3 most common plasma proteins? | show 🗑
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| Mean corpuscular volume | show 🗑
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| Mean corpuscular hemoglobin | show 🗑
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| show | measures the average hemoglobin concentration in each RBC (g/dl)
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| thrombocyte count | show 🗑
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| show | used to evaluate the bone marrow's response to anemia-regenerative means the bone marrow is responding and there is an increase of reticulocytes
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| erythropoesis | show 🗑
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| show | rubriblast, prorubricyte, rubricyte, metarubricyte, reticulocyte, and mature RBC
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| show | rubriblast and prorubricyte
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| What premature RBCs are only found in cases of severe anemia? | show 🗑
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| show | reticulocyte
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| What animals is it normal to find a nucleus in the mature RBCs? | show 🗑
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| show | an increase of larger than normal RBCs, usually immature
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| show | an increase of smaller than normal RBCs, seen in iron deficiencies
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| show | normal sized mature RBCs
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| normochromic | show 🗑
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| polychromasia | show 🗑
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| show | decrease in staining intensity due to decrease in cellular hemoglobin
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| ancanthocyte/spur cells | show 🗑
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| show | cells with spiny projections evenly distributed around the cell membrane
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| echinocyte/burr cells | show 🗑
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| show | target cells-
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| show | large, thin RBC that is folded or distorted due to increased membrane and decreased volume (folded/lips)
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| stomatocyte | show 🗑
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| show | smaller, dense and dark staining, lacking central pallor and can no longer maintain disc shape
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| dacryocyte | show 🗑
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| elliptocyte | show 🗑
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| show | cell that often has 2 membrane projections (horns) also known as a helmet cell
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| show | punched out cell
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| show | fragmented RBCs
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| show | RBCs appearing as stacks or rows of coins (normal in horses)
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| show | clumping of RBCs
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| anisocytosis | show 🗑
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| poikilocytosis | show 🗑
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| show | RBCs that retain small, round nuclear fragments
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| show | small, refractive round areas of denatured hemoglobin attached to the cell membrane
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| basophillic stippling | show 🗑
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| show | monolayer, body, and feathered edge
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| show | platelet clumps, abnormal cells, and heartworms
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| show | monolayer
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| What area is too thick to evaluate cells? | show 🗑
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| primary hemostasis | show 🗑
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| secondary hemostasis | show 🗑
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| tertiary hemostasis | show 🗑
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| show | the ability of the body's systems to maintain the integrity of blood and blood vessels
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| What stages of heartworm develop in the mosquito only? | show 🗑
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| What are clinical signs of heartworm disease? | show 🗑
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| What are the 3 stages of treatment for heartworm? | show 🗑
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| How is hemobartonella felis transmitted? | show 🗑
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| show | rickettsial organism
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| microfilaria? | show 🗑
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| show | feathered edge
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