UA alterations
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| show | afferent arteriolar constriction
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| show | autonomic (SNS)
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| show | renin-angiotension system
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| secreted by the kidneys to synthesize RBCs | show 🗑
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| functions of the nephron | show 🗑
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| lab tests of kidney function | show 🗑
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| UTI | show 🗑
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| types of UTIs | show 🗑
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| show | cystitis
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| sx of UTI | show 🗑
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| pyelonephritis | show 🗑
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| show | fever, chills, flank pain, dysuria
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| common cause of UTIs in males | show 🗑
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| show | women, DM (decreased immune & high glucose), frequeny catheters, elderly, occupation where urine must be held, pregnancy, improper hygeine
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| Dx of UTI | show 🗑
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| show | antibiotics, bladder analgesics, eliminate cause
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| teaching points for antibiotics | show 🗑
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| show | encourage fluids (esp. cranberry juice), proper hygeine, avoid frequent bubble baths, urination after intercourse, don't "hold" urine, Vit C
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| irritant to UTI | show 🗑
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| show | inflammation of the renal pelvis and parenchyma; caused by bacterial infection
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| show | active, remenants of previous infection
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| 2 types of pyelonephritis | show 🗑
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| show | ppl who didn't finish out previous antobiotics; superbugs; urine reflux
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| show | d/t caliculi, trauma, malignancy, or most commonly extension of bladder infection via the ascending urethra
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| show | obstruction allows infected UA back into ureter and allows organism to multiply
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| show | bacteria in renal pelvis intiates infalmmatory response; with resolution inflammation recedes and scarring may develop
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| result of scar tissue formation on kidneys | show 🗑
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| time period of acute pyelonephritis | show 🗑
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| s/s of acute pyelonephritis | show 🗑
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| show | urine cloudy/bloody & malodorous, increased WBC
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| test for cystits/pyelonephritis | show 🗑
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| sx of chronic pyelonephritis | show 🗑
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| show | usu incidentally during other exams/ follow up for HTN
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| show | blockage
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| show | antibiotics (10 days to 2weeks), relieve pain, prevention of further recurrence/renal damage
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| Glomerularnephritis | show 🗑
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| show | proliferation of glomerular capillary endothelial cells and rapid loss of renal function leading to nephrotic syndrome
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| acute glomerularnephritis | show 🗑
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| chronic glomerularnephritis | show 🗑
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| Nephrotic syndrome | show 🗑
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| show | proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, anasarca, retention of sodium and water, hyperlipidemia, anemia, hematuria
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| causes of nephroctic syndrome | show 🗑
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| complications of nephrotic syndrome | show 🗑
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| manifestations of nephrotic syndrome | show 🗑
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| show | insidious or sudden
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| show | UA, labs, periorbital edema, anasarca, HTN, history, renal biopsy
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| show | antibiotics, fluids/electrolytes, steriods, anticoagulants, diuretics, restricted diet, ACEs, plasmaphoresis, strict control of pre-existing conditions
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| nursing mngmt of nephrotic syndrome | show 🗑
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