Biology 191 Lect. 5 - Biology 191 Lecture 5, Exam 1 Study
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| show | speciation
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| show | evolution within population
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| show | evolutionary change above species level, differential speciation, mass extinction
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| speciation | show 🗑
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| Biological species concept | show 🗑
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| show | cannot be directly applied to <br /> - asexual organisms <br /> - fossils <br /> - organisms about which little is known regarding their reproduction
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| show | Morphological - species is defined on basis of being sufficiently morphologically (anatomically distinct from others) <br /> - Paleontological - focused on morphologically discreet species known only from fossil record<br /> - Phylogenetic - common ancest
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| Stages in speciation process: be able to recognize correct sequence | show 🗑
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| show | allopatric - most common, lease controversial, geographic separation of populations (vicariance, dispersal and colonization)<br />parapatric- evolution of reproductive isolation between adjacent pop. <br />sympatric - speciation within single locality
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| Allopatric speciation through vicariance: how and examples | show 🗑
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| show | rare dispersl event results in colonization of isolated habitat (i.e. offshore islands) ex (galapagos finches, hawaiian drosophila)
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| show | <br />reinforcement- if reproductive isolating mechanisms not complete, secondary contact may result (and cause hybridization/possible reunification of gene pool) BUT if hybrid have lower fitness, leads to reinforcement (selection for assortive mating)
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| reproductive character displacement | show 🗑
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| show | species along side, occours in absence of obvious geographic barrier, may occur when sharp environ. discontinuity developes (ex. plants grow in mine tailings flower at different times than plants growing in surrounding pastures in wales)
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| show | speciation without geographic separation. Fairly common in plants
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| show | duplication of combination of chromosomes from different species
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| show | duplication of chromosome set of single species
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| show | one set of chromosomes
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| show | hawthorne -> apple, affinity for host plant in which they developed (leads to breading only with flies only on that fruit)
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| show | - before fertilization<br /><br />- mechanisms that impede mating between species or hinder fertilization of ova if members of different species do mate
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| show | - After fertilization <br /><br /> - Mechanisms that act to reduce the viability or fertility of hybrids
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| Haldane’s rule (of speciation): what is it and what is evidence for it | show 🗑
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