ANS - Test 1
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| List the three basic neuroeffector tissues innervated by the GVE neurons | show 🗑
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| show | Sympathetic (Thoracolumbar) & Parasympathetic (Craniosacral)
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| show | Group of cell bodies outside the CNS
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| show | Group of cell bodies within CNS
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| Where do I find preganglionic neuron cell bodies of the ANS? | show 🗑
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| show | Ventral (Anterior) horn of spinal cord.
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| show | Ventral (Anterior) horn of spinal cord.
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| show | Maintain Homeostasis, Increase or decrease activity of visceral organs & skin in response to changes in internal & external environment.
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| show | 1. Paravertebral – Ganglion of the sympathetic ANS located lateral to vertebral column from C1-S3. 2. Prevertebral Ganglion (Sympathetic) located anterior to the vertebral column. 3. Terminal Ganglion (Parasympathetic) located close to or in wall of organ
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| Where are the various autonomic ganglia located and what are the names of the major autonomic ganglia? | show 🗑
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| show | The autonomic plexus is a network of interlaced nerves that arise from the ANS.
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| show | Tympanic, Pharyngeal, Cardiac, Pulmonary, Celiac, Superior & Inferior Hypogastric
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| What are Splanchnic Nerves? | show 🗑
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| What are the specific locations of sympathetic GVE neuron cell bodies in CNS? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Ventral (Anterior) 2. T1-L2
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| Sympathetic preganglionic neuron fibers exit the spinal nerve via the _________ to enter the ____________ ganglia? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Synapse in Paravertebral chain at level of entrance. 2. Ascend or descend Paravertebral chain and synapse w/ postganglionic neuron cell bodv. 3. Pass thru Paravertebral chain w/out synapsing and form the splanchnic nerves 4. Synapse Adrenal Medulla
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| Sympathetic neurons which exit the paravertebral ganglia to rejoin the spinal nerve do so via what structure? | show 🗑
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| Which spinal nerves are associated with the white rami & gray rami? | show 🗑
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| What neurotransmitters are released from preganglionic sympathetic neurons? | show 🗑
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| show | Acetylcholinesterase
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| show | Catecholiamines -norepinephrine
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| What are the names & locations of the enzymes which inactivate the neurotransmitters released from the majority of the sympathetic postganglionic neurons? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Alpha 1 – eye 2. Alpha 2 - intestinal wall 3. Beta 1 – heart 4. Beta 2 - lungs
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| What are the 3 catecholamines? | show 🗑
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| show | Adrenal Medulla (SuprarenalGland) -converts norepinephrine into epinephrine
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| Is epinephrine released from sympathetic postganglionic neurons? | show 🗑
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| show | Postganglionic svmpathetic fibers that innervate eccrine sweat glands, blood vessels in skeletal muscle that produce vasodilation
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| What tissues are innervated by postganglionic cholinergic neurons? | show 🗑
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| Where, specifically, are preganglionic parasympathetic neuron cell bodies located in CNS? | show 🗑
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| The cranial portion of the parasympathetic nervous system innervates structure located where? | show 🗑
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| The sacral portion of the parasympathetic nervous system innervates structures located where? | show 🗑
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| show | CN III. VII. IX. X
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| Which spinal nerves carry parasyrnpathetic GVE fibers? | show 🗑
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| show | Brainstem
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| Preganglionic fibers from cell bodies located in the _____________ are conveyed by the | show 🗑
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| show | Smooth muscles of the eye 1.Parasympathetic constricts ciliary and sphincter muscles of pupil 2. Sympathetic dilates dilator muscles of the pupil
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| Preganglionic fibers from cell bodies located in the __________ are conveyed by the facial nerves synapse in the ___________. | show 🗑
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| Postganglionic neurons of the facial nerve innervate what structures & have what effect upon these tissues? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Inferior Salivatory Nucleus 2. Otic Ganglion
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| show | Parotid glands increase secretion of fluids & salivation
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| show | 1. Doral Motor Nucleus of the Vagus nerve 2. Terminal Ganglia
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| show | Visceral organs of thorax & abdomen 1. Heart - decrease heart rate and conduction rate 2. Lungs – causes constriction of bronchioles 3. GI Tract –increases the GIT secretions 4. Pancreas stimulates exocrine secretions
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| show | 1. ACH(Acetvlcholine) 2. Acetylcholinesterase
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| What is the definition of cholinergic? | show 🗑
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| show | Catecholamine activated or transmitted by catecholamines (primarily norepinephrine) or Neurons which release or have receptors which resoond to norepinephrine or epinephrine
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| Where is the location of nicotinic receptors? | show 🗑
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| show | Located on neuroeffector tissues innervated by Autonomic Postganglionic Cholinergic Fibers (smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, & glands)
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| What effect does stimulation of nicotinic receptors have? | show 🗑
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| show | Parasympathetic Effects
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| show | Parasympathetic Effects
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| show | Hypothalmus
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| show | Medulla Oblongota
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| What is the definition of anticholinergic? | show 🗑
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| show | Definition – denoting mimicking of action of the sympathetic system; Heart Rate – increases; pupils dilate; gut motility decreases; GIT Secretion decreases; Bronchial Tree - dilates
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| show | Causes paralysis of the ciliary muscles of the eye (muscles of accomodation) = can't focus.
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| What is the difference in the ratio of pre to postganglionic fibers in the sympathetic vs. parasympathetic nervous system? | show 🗑
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| What effect does ANS input have upon skeletal m. fibers? Does it cause them to contract, relax, or have no effect? | show 🗑
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| show | No Parasympathetic = increased HR,; decreased gut motility; decreased GIT secretions.
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| Why is epinephrine given to a patient in status asthmaticus or during anaphylatic shock? | show 🗑
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| What is meant by dual autonomic innervation of a tissue & how is this used to control various bodily functions? | show 🗑
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| A male with a herniated disc in the region of Ll-L2 which is compressing the spinal cord would have which sexual dysfunction: failure to ejaculate or failure to attain an erection? Why? | show 🗑
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