McGrath US Civil War
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| Sectionalism | When you are loyal to one section or region of the country instead of to the whole
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| Union | the entire country (as a whole); or the North during the war
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| Confederacy | The Southern states that seceded from the Union and formed their own country it was called this
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| Casualties | people injured or killed in a war
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| Slave codes | Laws in the SOuth before the Civil War that keep slaves from escaping (ex: can't teach slaves to read/write or can't travel out of plantation w/out pass)
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| Cash crop | plant that is grown a lot and makes a lot of money (ex: cotton)
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| Fugitive | A person who is running away, trying not to get caught (ex: UGRR passengers)
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| Secession | means to break away from or no longer be a part of
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| Border states | states that have slavery but remain with the Union (MD, DE, KY, MO)
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| Abolitionist | someone who wants to end slavery (either gradually or ASAP)
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| Civil War | war between people of the same country
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| Blockade | Using your ships to surround the enemy, cutting off supplies and trade (Ex: anaconda plan)
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| Emancipate | to set free; freedom
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| Mason-Dixon Line | imaginary line between Pennsylvania and Maryland, separating slave from free states prior to the Civil War
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| Cottonocracy | Highest class in Southern society, grow cotton and own lots of slaves, have lots of power
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| Underground Railroad | secret network to help slaves escape North
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| Total warfare | Strategy used in war to destroy the enemy's ability to wage warfare (ex: burning towns, crops, supplies, harming civilians)
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| Abe Lincoln | President of the Union; did not want slavery to extend into the territories
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| Jefferson Davis | President of the CSA: had military experience
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| Stephen A. Douglas | ran against Lincoln for IL Senate 1858; he won; came up with pop. sov.
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| Frederick Douglass | former slave, abolitionist, started newspaper The North Star
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| William Lloyd Garrison | white abolitionist; started the paper called The Liberator
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| General Robert E. Lee | main general for the CSA; considered the best;surrenders to Grant at the end of the war
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| General Ulysses S. Grant | Union general; won control of the Mississippi River and took over as lead general
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| General Stonewall Jackson | Southern general; got his name from the Battle of Bull Run;killed by his own men on accident
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| General Sherman | Northern general; uses total warfare to win the war
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| Harriet Beecher Stowe | wrote the book Uncle Tom's cabin about the horrors of slavery
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| Dred Scott | slave that sued for his freedom but lost in famous Supreme Court case
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| South's cash crops | Cotton and rice
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| North vs South- population | North has great population; almost half of South's population is slaves
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| North vs. South- Economy | North has more factories, railroads, and telegraphs; South has money in slaves and land
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| Compromise of 1850 | solution to solve slavery debate; California becomes free state, Fugitive Slave Law
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| Fugitive Slave Law | part of the Compromise of 1850; says everyone in the US has to help catch runaway slaves or fined/jailed
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| Names for the Union | Union, USA, Federals, Yankees
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| Names for the South | Confederacy, CSA, Rebels, Butternuts
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| Advantages of the North | greater population, more industry, technology, and transportation
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| Disadvantages of the North | needed better generals; less morale because trying to just bring South back into the North
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| Advantages of the South | fighting to protect and defend their homeland and way of life; lots of soldiers have more experience riding horses and shooting guns; best generals
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| Disadvantages of the South | Does not have Abe Lincoln and not as much industry
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| Strategy of the North | Blockade the South (anaconda plan) attack the South to bring them back into the Union
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| Strategy of the South | Defend itself and hope the North gets tired
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| Capital of North | Washington, D.C.
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| Capital of South | Richmond, Virginia
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| Prez of the North | Abe Lincoln
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| Prez of the South | Jefferson Davis
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| Uncle Tom's Cabin | novel written about slavery and how bad it was; author was Harriet Beecher Stowe
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| Lincoln-Douglas debates | Series of 7 debates in IL for the Senate race in 1858; Douglas wins; main debate is over slavery
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| Dred Scott Supreme Court Case | Dred Scott sues for his freedom, arguing he lived in a free area with his master; supreme court says he is property and not a citizen
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| Election of 1860 | Abe Lincoln wins; 4 candidates run for the office; causes South to secede after he's elected
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| Emancipation Proclamation | document by Lincoln; changes the meaning of the war; frees the slaves in the CSA (and not the border states)
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| Gettysburg Address | speech by Lincoln to honor and remember those who fought at Gettysburg; encouraged soldiers to keep fighting for the cause
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| Major technology advances during the war that helped the North win the war | railroad, telegraph
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McGrath2012
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