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Mutation Test

Enter the letter for the matching Definition
incorrect
1.
homozygous
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2.
thymine dimer
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3.
amorphic mutation
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4.
germinal mutation
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5.
deletion
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6.
recessive allele
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7.
transition
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8.
nonsense suppression
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9.
intergenic suppression
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10.
forward mutation
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11.
reverse mutation
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12.
mutagen
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13.
hypermorphic mutation
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14.
nonsense mutation
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15.
adenine methylase
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16.
photoreactivation
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17.
gain of function mutation
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18.
missense mutation
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19.
primary structure
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20.
base excision repair
A.
elimination of nucleotides within a chromosome, may be small scale (1-2 nt) or large scale (100s-1000s)
B.
a type of intergenic suppression where a mutation in a tRNA gene creates an anticodon that is able to bind to a codon that normally serves as a stop... therefore correcting for a nonsense mutation
C.
when homologous chromosomes carry copies of the same allele of a particular gene
D.
altering a wild type allele so that it is now mutant
E.
a second mutation within a second gene that corrects for the effects of a first mutation in a different gene
F.
potential consequence of a base substitution that occurs in a sequence coding for an ORF if a codon is altered so that it codes for a stop codon instead of an amino acid. results in premature termination, likely producing a non functional protein
G.
a mutation that alters the tertiary structure of a polypeptide so that it loses its previous ability but now has a different reaction or ability that it can perform, usually a dominant mutation
H.
potential consequence of a base substitution that occurs in a sequence coding for an ORF if a codon is altered so that it codes for a different amino acid than it had prior to the mutation
I.
a version of a gene that codes for a protein that does not function normally, usually a loss or partial loss of function
J.
a mutation that occurs within a cell responsible for producing gametes (sperm or egg) and is therefore passed on to the products of sexual reproduction (offspring)
K.
repair mechanism used to remove chemically damaged bases by removing the damaged base by cutting the glycosidic bond, creates an AP site which is then repaired
L.
a type of base substitution that occurs when one purine replaces another purine or one pyrimidine replaces another pyrimidine
M.
the order of amino acids in a polypeptide which influences all higher levels of structure, determined by the order of codons in the mRNA ORF
N.
any substance that can cause mutations to occur at higher than the spontaneous rate, include radiation (x rays, uv light) and chemical exposure
O.
ability of single celled prokaryotes and eukaryotes to use the enzyme photolyase to break the bond between thymine dimers, correcting damage caused by uv light
P.
enzyme that adds methyl group to adenine anywhere the sequence GATC is found, resulting in the ability to distinguish old and new strands of DNA for a short period of time
Q.
another term for an increase of function mutation
R.
another term for a loss of function mutation, implying complete loss of shape (morph)
S.
covalent bond that forms between adjacent thymines in the same DNA strand, alter the shape and hinder proper base pairing with complementary bases, due to uv light exposure
T.
altering a mutant allele so that normal function is restored by converting it back to a wild type allele
Type the Term that corresponds to the displayed Definition.
incorrect
21.
replacing one nitrogenous base for another within a DNA strand, also known as a point mutation
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22.
mutagen that increases the rate of deamination
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23.
general term used to describe a relatively small insertion or deletion within a DNA molecule
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24.
when homologous chromosomes carry copies of different alleles of a particular gene
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25.
mutagen that may alter cytosine so it will pair with adenine
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26.
a second mutation within the same gene that corrects for the effects of the first
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27.
a mutation that occurs within a cell that does not go through meiosis and therefore does not produce gametes. passed on to daughter cells when mitosis occurs but is not transmitted to offspring
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28.
another term for a gain of function mutation
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29.
also known as a transposable element, a segment of DNA that is able to remove itself and insert itself within a chromosome at random
incorrect
30.
large scale chromosomal mutation that breaks off a chunk of a chromosome and reattaches it at another location

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