RADT308-HAND & WRIST Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
| Question | Answer |
| transfer of disease or cancerous lesions from one organ or part that may not be directly connected. Most common of malignant bone tumors | bone metastases |
| inflammation of the bursae or fluid-filled sacs that enclose the joints; involves the formation of calcification in associated tendons | bursitis |
| common painful disorder of the wrist and hand that results from compression of the median nerve as it passes through the center fo the wrist | carpal tunnel syndrome |
| break in the structure of bone caused by force | fracture |
| fracture of the base of the first metacarpal bone extending into the CMC joint complicated by subluxation with some posterior displacement | bennet's fracture |
| transverse fracture that extends through the metacarpal neck most commonly seen in the fifth metacarpal | boxer's fracture |
| accumulated fluid in the joint cavity; sign of an underlying condition | joint effusion |
| aka DJD; noninflammatory joint disease charachterized by gradual deterioration of the articular cartilagewith overgrown bone formation; most common type of arthritis | osteoarthritis |
| local or gernalized infection of bone or bone marrow | osteomyelitis |
| hereditary disease marked by abnormally dense bone; also known as marble bone | osteopetrosis |
| reduction in the quantity of bone or atrophy of skeletal tissue; common in postmenopausal women and elderly men | osteoporosis |
| chronic skeletal diseases; destructive bone disease followed by a reparitive process of overproduction of very dense yet soft bones that tend to fracture easily; most common in men older than 40 | paget's disease |
| chronic systemic disease with inflammatory changes throughout the body's connective tissues; early bone erosions typically occur first at the 2nd and 3rd MCP joints or the 3rd proximal interphalangeal joint; 3 times more common in women than men | rheumatoid arthritis |
| sprain or tear of the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb near the MCP joint of the hyperextended thumb | skier's thumb |
| most comon of the primary cancerous bone tumors; generally affects persons between the ages of 40 and 70; arise from bone marrow or marrow plasma cells; radiographic appearance of punched out osteolytic lesions scattered throughout the affected bones | multiple myeloma |
| second most common type of primary cancerous bone tumor; affects ages 10-20 primarily | osteogenic sarcoma |
| common primary malignant bone tumor in children and young adults; arises from bone marrow; symptoms similar to osteomyelitis with low-grade fever and pain; onion peel appearance on radiographs | ewing's sarcoma |
| slow-growing malignant tumor of the cartilage | chondrosarcoma |
| slow-grwoing benign cartilaginous tumor | endochondroma |
| most common type of benign bone tumor | osteochondroma |
| SID for hand positioning | 40 |
| phalanges should lie _______ to IR | parallel |
| number of carpals in the hand and wrist | 8 |
| number of metacarpals in the hand and wrist | 5 |
| number of phalanx in the hand and wrist | 14 |
| joint between the phalanges and metacarpals | MCP |
| joint between the proximal and middle phalanx | PIP |
| joint between the middle and distal phalanx | DIP |
| joint between the proximal and distal phalanx of 1st digit | IP |
| joint between the metacarpal and carpals | CMC |
| thumb articulates with this carpal | trapezium |
| 5th metacarpal articulates with this carpal | hamate |
| IP joint movement type | ginglymus |
| ginglymus is also known as this | hinge type |
| all joints in the hand and wrist are classified as | synovial |
| MCP joints movement type | ellipsoidal |
| number of directions of movement for an ellipsoidal joint | four - flex, ext, abd, add |
| 1st MCP joint may also have what additional movement besides those of the ellipsoidal joint | circumduction |
| CMC joints (2nd-5th) joint movement | plane |
| CMC joint (1st) joint movement | sellar |
| what rule states that you must have at least 30% of the IR covered for digital images? | 30% rule |
| why does 30% of the IR need to be covered in digital imaging? | for accurate EI reading |
| if doing more than one view per IR, what precautions should you take | lead masking, collimation |
| true/false: you need a grid for hand imaging | false |
| displacement from the joint | dislocation |
| partial dislocation from the joint | subluxation |
| rupture or tearing of connective tissues | sprain |
| bruise without fracture | contusion |
| type of fracture where fragments are driven into each other | impacted |
| type of fracture where there is a splintering or crushed fracture fragments | comminuted |
| a fracture that breaks through the skin | compound |
| type of fracture that happens when a finger is extended and is jammed resulting in an avulsion fx occurring at the posterior base of the distal phalanx | baseball or mallet fracture |
| centering point for PA hand | third MCP |
| hand is in the position for the PA view | prone |
| exposure factor for PA hand | 55-65 kV |
| centering point for PA oblique | third MCP |
| degree of obliquity for PA oblique | 45 |
| if fourth and fifth metacarpals are superimposed on the PA oblique radiograph, what happened? | rotated more than 45 degrees |
| exposure factors for PA oblique | 55-65 kV |
| what happens if you do not maintain parallel fingers on the oblique view? | foreshortening of phalanges and obscuration of IP joints |
| centering point for fan lateral hand | second MCP |
| why do a fan lateral compared to a normal lateral? | demonstrates phalanges better |
| exposure factors for fan lateral | 55-65 kV |
| what position of the hand places the thumb in a PA position | lateral |
| why should a lateral hand be done in a hand series? | metacarpal alignment and FB localization (extension lateral) |
| if patient presents with FB, what type of lateral would you perform? | extension lateral |
| what position has the 2nd-5th metacarpals superimposed with the 1st digit lightly touching the 2nd digit? | flexion lateral |
| where is the centering point for an extension lateral | 2nd MCP |
| where is the centering point for a flexion lateral | 2nd MCP |
| what exposure factors are used for extension/flexion laterals? | 55-65 kV |
| what degree oblique is used for the norgaard method? | 45 |
| norgaard is also known as the ____ position | ball-catchers |
| centering point for the norgaard method | level of the fifth MCP joints |
| exposure factors for norgaard method | 55-65 kV |
| why perform the norgaard method? | early detection of RA |
| fracture and dislocation of the posterior lip of the distal radius involving the wrist joint | Barton's fracture |
| transverse fracture of the distal radius in which the distal fragment is displaced poseteriorly; an associated ulnar styloid fracture seen in 50-60% of cases | Colles' fracture |
| reverse of colles' fracture, or transverse fracture of the distal radius with distal fragment displaced anteriorly | smith's fracture |
| where is the centering point for a PA wrist | midcarpal |
| where is the centering point for a PA oblique wrist | midcarpal |
| where is the centering point for a Lateral wrist | midcarpal |
| where is the centering point for a pa radial deviation | midcarpal area |
| where is the centering point for a pa ulnar deviation | scaphoid (3/4" distal and medial to radial styloid) |
| where is the centering point for a pa scaphoid modified stetcher | scaphoid (3/4" distal and medial to radial styloid) |
| where is the centering point for a carpal canal? | 1" distal to base of 3rd metacarpal |
| where is the centering point for a carpal bridge | 1.5" proximal to wrist joint |
| kv for digital system for a PA wrist | 55-65 |
| kv for digital system for a PA oblique | 60-70 |
| kv for digital system for a lateral wrist | 60-70 |
| kv for digital system for a pa scaphoid | 55-65 |
| kv for digital system for a radial deviation | 55-65 |
| kv for digital system for a carpal canal | 55-65 |
| kv for digital system for a carpal bridge | 55-65 |
| another name for a carpal canal view | tangential inferosuperior or gaynor-hart method |
| what is the CR angle for the carpal bridge? | 45 degrees to long axis of forearm |
| what is the CR angle for the carpal canal? | 25-30 degrees to the long axis of the hand |
| what is the flexion of wrist for the carpal bridge | 90 |
| what is the extension of the hand for the carpal canal | 90 |
| how much is the hand elevated for a modified stetcher | 20 degrees |
| why do the modified stetcher vs. pa axial scaphoid? | places scaphoid parallel to IR |
| why do ulnar deviation for scaphoid? | decreases superimposition of scaphoid with adjacent carpal bones |
| what alternative can you do for a modified stetcher if you do not have a 20 degree wedge? | Have patient clench their fist |
| what degree of obliquity is necessary for PA oblique wrist | 45 degrees |
| what benefit does an AP wrist have over a PA wrist? | places wrist and carpals in close contact with IR demonstrating intercarpal spaces more parallel to the divergent rays. |
| why arch hand for a PA wrist? | places wrist joint and carpals in close contact with IR |
| position that opens the lateral side of the carpal bones? | ulnar deviation |
| position that opens the medial side of the carpal bones | radial deviation |
| position that is ideal for demonstrating calcification in the dorsal aspect of the carpals? | carpal bridge |
| position that is ideal for demonstrating the carpal sulcus? | carpal canal, Gaynor Hart method |
| position that will demonstrate the pisiform and hamate the best? | carpal canal, Gaynor Hart method |
| carpals that articulate with the radius? | scaphoid, lunate |
| smallest of the carpal bones | pisiform |
| largest of the carpal bones | capitate |
| proximal row of carpals | scaphoid lunate triquetrum pisiform |
| distal row of carpals | trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate |
| type of movement for the radiocarpal joint | ellipsoidal |
| cast conversion for small to medium dry plaster cast | +5-7kV |
| cast conversion for large or wet plaster cast | +8-10 kV |
| cast conversion for fiberglass cast | +3-4 kV |
| ulnar deviation means to move the hand toward which bone? | ulna |
| radial deviation means to move the hand toward which bone | radius |
Created by:
hschmuck1
Popular Radiology sets