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Anthro #3 N.America
Anthro Exam #3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the major regions of north america? | -woodlands/great lakes -southeast -great plains -southwest -great basin -pacific northwest |
| what is nagpra? | (North American Grave Protection and Repatriation Act) -protects native american sites from looting |
| what were the two cultures first seen in north america? | -Clovis Culture: happens first, around oklahoma, used tools with fluted knot, may have pushed mega fauna into extinction. Folsom Culture: followed Clovis, more near Nevada |
| what happens between the paleoindian period and the archaic period in north america? why? | shift in agriculture due to mega fauna dying and people moving to resources. |
| why are all north american civilizations considered prehistoric? | -no written language -base everything on archaeological findings or oral stories |
| what is the archaic period similar to? why? | -neolithic period -both are periods of transition |
| what are evidence of horizons in north america? | -pottery styles -imagery/ideology |
| Adena Culture: -time period? -location? -practices? -important structures/sites? | -woodland period -centered in ohio river valley -shamanism; H&G with some cultivation -Effigy burial mounds |
| what were effigy mounds used for? | burial mounds in adena culture with shapes linked to spirituality, possibly including sacrificial offerings. mounds suggest stratification |
| Hopewellian: -time period? -location? -practices? -important structures/sites? | -woodland period -hopewell interaction sphere in eastern-ish north america -widespread trade; H&G; BigMan society; grew corn -pottery was unpainted; Maize arrives from Mexico and makes up majority of diet |
| Mississippian Sphere: -major changes? | -100% based on agriculture -use of copper -use of bow and arrow -stratified chiefdom-level societies with violent conflict |
| what is the S.E.C.C.? | regional religious system based on Axis Mundi, represented by falcon |
| Cohokia: -what culture/practices there? -cause of power? -what happens at peak? -what causes decline? -major structures? | -Mississippian Culture; highly stratified elites -long distance trade led to POWERFUL chiefs; dominant trade center in 1050 AD -peak=trade -decline unclear-possibly climate change, loss of trade resources -mound 72; monks mound |
| What is Mound 72? | richest burial in miss. period-- man with shells and sacrificial victims |
| what was monks mound? | largest pyramid/earthen structure north of mexico |
| pacific northwest: -what village? -practices? -structures/sites? | -ozette -H&G; potlach; multifamily housing; the raven -totem poles |
| what did raven represent? | a creator spirit; a trickster god/spirit; the raven stole the sun |
| what were the 3 major cultures of the american southwest? | -Hohokam -Ancestrual Pueblo -Mogollon |
| Snaketown: -what culture/practices? -rise/peak? -decline? -structures/sites? | -Hohokam Culture; complex chiefdoms -peak in 900AD= source of buffware, production of goods -drought caused abandonment by 1150 -ball courts; kokopelli (fertility deity) |
| Anscestral Pueblo: -what cities? -practices? | -chaco canyon; mesa verde -floodwater farming |
| Chaco Canyon: -what culture? -rise/peak? -decline? -structures? | -anscestral pueblo -trade network system; peak in 900AD -drought causes abandonment by 1300AD -kivas for secret rituals |
| Mesa Verde: -culture? -rise/peak? -decline? -structures? | -anscestral pueblo -rise=movement out of chaco to mesa verde -limited evidence -cliff dwellers; cannibalism; similar design to chaco |
Created by:
bradizzle93
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