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GCSE Music

AoS2 Harmony & Tonality

QuestionAnswer
Scale Pattern or Set of notes. all from the same KEY from which a melody is made.
Major scale Made up of tones & semitones in this order; T T S T T T S
Minor scale Made up of tones & semitones. The 3rd degree of the scale is FLAT
Intervals The distance between any 2 notes. The LOWEST note counts as number 1. They are: 1-1 UNISON: 1-2 Second: 1-3 Third: 1-4 Fourth: 1-5 Fifth: 1-6 Sixth: 1-7 Seventh: 1-8 OCTAVE
Unison Two sounds sharing the identical note.
Cadence A PAIR of chords that finish a phrase or section of music.
Perfect cadence Chords 5 - 1, V-I, or dominant to tonic. FULL stop - the music could end here.
Tonic The 'home' note or key of a piece of music
Dominant The fifth degree or chord in a major/minor scale
Sub-dominant The 4th degree or chord in a major/minor scale
Plagal cadence Chords 4-1, IV-I, or subdominant to tonic
Interupted cadence Chords 5-6, in a major/minor scale. The music sounds like it MUST continue. Bass note moves by a STEP.
Imperfect cadence Chords 4-5, or 1-5 in a major/minor scale. The music sounds like it MUST continue.
Key Signature Sharps or Flats at the beginning of a piece of music to tell you what scale to use. All notes use the # or b as indicated unless deliberately changed within the bar.
Sharp (#) Raises a note by a semitone
Flat (b) Lowers a note by a semitone
Relative Major Shares the key signature but the SCALE starts a minor 3rd HIGHER
Relative Minor Shares the key signature but the SCale starts a minor 3rd LOWER
Octave(s) Identical sounding notes - examples: C - C or F# - F# but 8 or 15 tones apart.
Phrase A musical 'sentence'. Melodies have clear phrases and frequently 2 - 4 bars long.
Modulation When music goes to a different KEY. often only temporary for a few bars. Most common to RELATED keys i.e Relative mainor/major (shares the same key sig.) Or next key around in the CYCLE of FIFTHS
Cycle of Fifths A wheel that shows each Key Sig. in turn by counting around 5 notes. C - G - D - A (#) or C - F - Bb - Eb (b)
Created by: kipple
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