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Plate Tectonics-6th

6th Grade Plate Tectonics

QuestionAnswer
Tectonic plates pieces of the lithosphere consisting of oceanic and continental crust
Lithosphere Physical layer of Earth; consists of the crust and upper mantle; rigid, makes up tectonic plates
Asthenosphere Upper mantle; plastic (solid magma that flows)
Inner Core Solid, dense ball of iron and nickel
Outer Core Liquid ball of iron and nickel
Crust Compositional layer of Earth; outermost layer, thin, rigid
Mantle Makes up 66% of Earth's mass (compositional layer)
Pangaea All continents used to be connected in a supercontinent called Pangaea.
Sea-floor spreading the process by which new oceanic lithosphere (sea floor) forms (magma rises to Earth's surface and solidifies at mid ocean ridges)
Continental drift Wegener's idea that continents used to be connected but have since drifted apart
Convection Hot magma rising and cool magma sinking constantly in the asthenosphere *** Causes the lithosphere to move***
Convergent boundary When tectonic plates collide (may form mountains, volcanoes)
Divergent boundary When tectonic plates divide (may form mid-ocean ridges, rift valleys)
Transform boundary When tectonic plates slide past each other (causes earthquakes)
Stress Amount of force per unit area that is place on an object
Shear Type of stress that pushes rock in different directions
Tension Type of stress that pulls rock apart
Compression Type of stress that pushes rock together
Subduction When a more dense tectonic plate is pulled beneath another tectonic plate; occurs at convergent boundaries
Hot spots a volcanically active area of Earth's crust that is NOT near a tectonic plate
Deformation Rocks changing shape due to stress
Rift zone an area of deep cracks that forms at a divergent boundary
Explosive eruption Volcanic eruption that produces gas, ash, and pyroclastic material (very destructive)
Nonexplosive eruption Volcanic eruption that produces lava flows
Boundary area where two tectonic plates meet
Sea floor spreading provided evidence to support what theory? Continental drift
Where do most earthquakes and volcanoes occur? Tectonic plate boundaries
Fault a break in Earth's crust
Created by: Mrs. Corey
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