In each blank, try to type in the
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If your not sure what answer should be entered, press the space bar and the next missing letter will be displayed. When you are all done, you should look back over all your answers and review the ones in red. These ones in red are the ones which you needed help on. Question: Dullness to percussion, decreased fremitus and diminished breath sounds are associated withAnswer: Effusion Question: What is associated with an optimally exposed radiograph?Answer: Vertebrae and lung are clearly visible. Question: The use of accessory muscles is frequently the result ofAnswer: Airway Question: Drug calculationAnswer: Change % to decimal. Divide desired by the actual concentration.
Ex: desires 1mg / .4mg/ml = 2.5mL Question: A pulsoximeter provide an accurate indication of the oxyhemoglobin saturation in what clinical conditionAnswer: Carbon monoxide poisoning
Explanation: carbon monoxide poisoning will result in carboxyhemoglobin. Standard pulse oximetry is unable to distinguish differences resulting in high SpO2 readings. Question: Portable ventilators for pt. within the hospital should have the ability toAnswer: Sound a alarm Question: A patient that states they feel they can breathe better when they sleep sitting in a chair is indicative Answer: Orthopnea
Likely related to is dyspnea that occurs when a patient supine Question: This a persons rapid-shallow breathing indexAnswer: Vane Respirometer
RSB Index is calculated using the formula:
RR/(minute )(RR)
the vane respirometer determines the minute volume Question: What may be in a trauma patient with multiple fractures to multiple adjacent ribsAnswer: Flail chest
-During Inspiration, muscled move the chest wall out and the intrapleural pressure pulls in the flail segment creating a paradoxical movement. Question: Absent airflow chest or abdominal movement indicates whatAnswer: Central sleep apneas. is indicated to provide pressure support augmenting ventilation. Question: Which mask should be used to 70% helium 30% oxygen effectivelyAnswer: Non Question: What is used to the severity of CO poisoning?Answer: Question: of Lung Infiltrates requires further diagnostic studies likeAnswer: Bronchoscopy Question: This is a mucolytic that may irritation and bronchospasmAnswer: N - Question: This drug is an anticholinergic and provides minimal bronchospasm Answer: Ipatropium Question: This drug is a beta2-agonist and is an substitute for AlbuterolAnswer: Levalbuterol Question: A decrease in pressures represents Answer: in lung compliance Question: An increasing difference between peak and plat indicatesAnswer: An increase in resistance. Question: Pale or blue color, absent HR, no reflex irritability, limp muscle tone and absent indicates what APGAR score?Answer: 0 for each Question: Baby is pink, HR >100, cry cough sneezing, active, strong cry indicates are related to scores ofAnswer: 2 for dad he Question: Color shows acrocyanosis, HR <100, , some flexion, slow or irregular respirations is APGAR scoring of Answer: 1 for each Question: FVC and FEV1 May be from aAnswer: expiratory spirogram Question: Exacerbation of asthma associated with distress is best treated withAnswer: albuterol nebulizer Question: Cores crackles over both lung indicates Answer: produce low pitched discontinuous lung sounds Question: Subcutaneous is demonstrated by the presence of Answer: Crepitus
During chest wall Question: sound from narrowed airwaysAnswer: Question: When in position, the tip of the CVP catheter should be in theAnswer: portion of the superior vena cava. Question: The patient's condition continues to deteriorate, based on increased oxygen requirements and an PaCO2, indicatingAnswer: NIV or need for ventilation Question: A patient with a history of chronic bronchitis complains of SOB following thoracic surgery. The patient is receiving 30% O2. Rhonchi in the right lower lobe are heard. What is recommended?Answer: Vibratory PEP
Deep breathing by PEP therapy will provide optimal bronchial hygiene to clear secretions Question: Initiation of an expiratory hold just prior to the next ventilator-delivered breath the measurement of Answer: auto-PEEP
Auto-PEEP is measured by subtracting set PEEP from the pressure during an expiratory hold. Question: A 65-year-old who is post-CABG was extubated 4 hours ago and complains of increasing shortness of breath. Breath sounds are decreased over the right lung field.
Wh at should be recommended NEXT? Answer: radiograph Question: Patient is diaphoretic and has a pulse of 120 and an SpO2 of 81% with a 28% tracheostomy collar. The therapist is to pass a suction catheter. Which of the following should the therapist do FIRST?Answer: Replace the tracheostomy tube.
Unable to pass catheter is the key here. Obstructed tube. Question: A decreasing cardiac output will inAnswer: increasing extraction and an increased C(a-v̄)O2. Question: A previously healthy 30-year-old is hospitalized with chills and fever. A chest radiograph is consistent with right upper lobe pneumonia. What is most likely to aid in the patient's management?Answer: Coughing and deep Question: the most appropriate device to a controlled oxygen concentration for a patient with a variable respiratory pattern?Answer: Venti Question: the peak pressure should result in a decreasedAnswer: volume and minute ventilation Question: most for destroying microorganisms on patient care equipment?Answer: Autoclave
Autoclaving uses super-heated steam under and will kill almost all microorganisms. Question: There is no response to bronchodilator therapy. In this instance, in evaluation of a patient who is short of breath, further _____ is requiredAnswer: Lunch Measurments Question: the purpose of incentive spirometry abdominal surgeryAnswer: lung collapse
The goals of incentive spirometry are to prevent and treat postoperative atelectasis Question: waveforms resembling shark fins indicatesAnswer: Airway Obstruction
The lack of a plateau and sloping shape of the curves demonstrate unequal distribution of inspired gas associated with obstruction Question: A patient with asthma is receiving a with 2.5 mg of albuterol. During the treatment, the patient's heart rate increases from 80 to 138. A respiratory therapist shouldAnswer: Decrease dosage of albuterol
as HR is likely secondarily related Question: extubation, marked stridor, labored breathing, intercostal retractions, and an SpO2 of 85% is observed. Aerosolized racemic epinephrine has been delivered without benefit. Which of the following should the therapist recommendAnswer: reintubation Question: VT x RR = Answer: Ventilation Question: A patient who is receiving mechanical ventilation is scheduled for a fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Which of the is the primary threat to adequate ventilation during the procedure? Answer: Airway obstruction
Scope may the tube Question: While administering an IPV treatment at 20 cm H2O to a patient with cystic fibrosis, a respiratory therapist notes the patient has suddenly become very short of breath and cyanotic. The therapist's most action is toAnswer: Terminate the Question: There is no for NPPV for a patient in aAnswer: Respiratory Acidosis Question: While counseling a patient during a smoking cessation session, the patient expresses concern weight gain. A respiratory therapist should address the patient's concern by explaining that this is partially the result ofAnswer: Decreased Question: An elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure is an ofAnswer: Left heart failure caused by with diuretics Question: Normal (PCWP) Pulm Cap Wedge Answer: 12 to Question: is the radial artery locatedAnswer: The wrist" Question: Where is the artery located Answer: Inside arm
"Brach your Question: The right radial artery should not be when there is insufficient collateral circulation through theAnswer: artery
Question: side effect of nitric oxideAnswer: methemoglobinemia Question: the maximum flow during a forced . Answer: Peak Question: "Bird-beak" patterns are a result of hyperinflation. what, will decrease the tidal volume and correct the hyperinflationAnswer: also known as Peak pressure Question: The best way to check the accuracy of a spirometer is to use Answer: 3mL Question: A wait of a few minutes should be expected after application of a transcutaneous electrode before values stabilize. This is withAnswer: dilatation Question: For a patient noninvasive ventilation through a dual-limb circuit, an increase in what, will most likely reduce the respiratory effort associated with spontaneous breathing?Answer: Support Question: Pv̄O2 values below this number are too low and to the need for cardiac output measurementAnswer: Question: Medication used to treat apneic conditions and indicates the need for home monitoring in infantsAnswer: caffeine citrate Question: most common side of aerosolized albuterolAnswer: Question: Critical control step in the home settingAnswer: Question: The treatment for monoxide poisoning is high concentration of oxygen (close as possible to 100%) administered withAnswer: nonrebreather Question: The most commonly used bedside measurement to monitor the progression of ventilatory impairment in a patient with Guillain-Barré isAnswer: vital Question: A patient complains of a productive cough that started four months ago. The patient most likely hasAnswer: bronchitis
Bronchitis is characterized by cough and production. While pneumonia is similar it is often not chronic. Question: able to directly measure various forms of hemoglobin saturation, including oxyhemoglobin, , and methemoglobinAnswer: Question: Based on an oxyhemoglobin disassociation curve, an SpO2 of 90% with a pH is approximately a PaO2 ofAnswer: 60 Question: A patient is suspected of having an upper airway obstruction. Which test should a respiratory therapist to detect this abnormalityAnswer: flow volume Question: While testing the proper function of a flow-inflating bag, the bag does not inflate with occlusion of the patient connector. Which of the following may be the cause of the problem?Answer: open flow control Question: Three liters of air are injected into a spirometer from a certified-volume standard syringe. The value is 2.6 L. Which of the following should a respiratory therapist conclude?Answer: Leak
Difference of 400mL in this instance indicating acceptable calibration range Question: History of nasal stuffiness, episodes of daytime dyspnea, and a cough that occurs every summer. Which of the following drug classifications should a respiratory therapist recommend to the patient's symptoms?Answer: inhibitor like montelukast known as Singulair Question: Low PCWP and CVP coupled with a low urine output is characteristic Answer: Hypovolemia Question: The patient is exhibiting refractory wheezing., diminished breath sounds after the multiple treatments, indicating worsening obstruction, what should be Answer: dosage continuous nebulized bronchodilator therapy Question: The flow-volume loop obtained after bronchodilator administration demonstrates a significant in expiratory flow. What should be recommended?Answer: bronchodilator therapy Question: A patient was diagnosed with bronchiectasis 3 years ago. The patient reports increased cough and difficulty clearing secretions for the past 4 weeks. A chest radiograph shows disease. What is recommended?Answer: airway therapy Question: At the beginning of exhalation, the rise in exhaled CO2 on a capnographic tracing representsAnswer: washout of dead Question: A fast-acting -agonist is the appropriate treatment forAnswer: bronchospasm Question: Which of the following is the most effective aerosolized bronchodilator for a patient with an acute exacerbationAnswer: Question: mechanically ventilated patient developed auto-PEEP. What ventilator change should take placeAnswer: Decrease the rate
thereby increasing the expiratory time which in turn air trapping Question: Static Compliance Answer: Vt / PEEP (Pplat - PEEP) Question: severe obstructive lung disease is characterized by an FEV1/FVC less Answer: 70% Question: severe obstructive lung disease is characterized by an FEV1/FVC less than 70% and an FEV1 Answer: 30 to 50% Question: If a patient becomes tachycardic during albuterol treatment, what drug should be recommended next ?Answer: Levalbuterol Question: What medication should be used to anesthetize a patient's airway prior to a bronchoscopy procedure?
Answer: lidocaine HCl Question: Ventilated pt. has a steady increase in the peak pressure over a 12-hour shift. The patient has developed a fever and purulent pulmonary secretions. Which of the following should a respiratory therapist recommend FIRST?Answer: Obtain a Gram stain Question: SBT with a T-piece have been initiated for 4 weeks. With each trial, the patient becomes agitated, dyspneic, and tachypneic, and must be to the ventilator. Which of the following should the respiratory therapist recommend?Answer: Pressure Question: A neonate with RDS receives the first dose of surfactant replacement therapy. Two hours later, FIO2 requirements have increased from 0.35 to 0.70. Which of the following should a respiratory therapist recommend FIRST?Answer: chest radiograph
Increase in O2 requirements and the recent administration of , chest radiograph will help determine the cause of deterioration. Question: Which of the following should be recommended to determine the site of bleeding in a with hemoptysis?Answer: Question: Monitoring serum electrolytes is indicated in patients who are Answer: diuretics Question: For a spontaneously breathing patient, which of the following will provide an elevated baseline pressure inspiration and expiration? Answer: Question: After obtaining an arterial blood gas sample, a respiratory should handle the sample byAnswer: removing all air from the Question: A gas is saturated with 100% relative humidity at 32.2º C (90º F). As the gas cools to 26.7º C (80º F), the humidity will Answer: remain 100% and excess water will rain Question: Administering dornase alfa Pulmozyme, a patient is developing marked congestion with sputum production. The most appropriate action is to pause the treatment andAnswer: allow the patient to clear Question: HR 142, RR 24 and BP 78/55 mm Hg. Examining the patient's chest, a respiratory therapist notes an absence of breath sounds in the left chest with a percussion note. What should be done?Answer: Insert a 14-gauge needle in the left Question: Hypotension is an adverse ofAnswer: Question: An in the difference between PIP - plateau pressure isAnswer: indicative of airways resistance Question: During nasotracheal suctioning, a patient a gag reflex but does not cough. Watery secretions are aspirated through the catheter. Which of the following should a respiratory therapist do before repeating the procedure?Answer: position Question: What score is used to a neonate's gestational age?Answer: Question: A therapist is calibrating a helium analyzer. What should the analyzer read when calibrated in air?Answer: Air contains essentially no helium; , it should read zero Question: What drug is appropriate for the sedation of a 30-year-old patient with status asthmaticus and hypotension who is receiving ventilation?Answer: lorazepam Question: The standard frequency for dosing of inhaled tiotropium (Spiriva) is Answer: Question: A right-sided pneumothorax will result in diminished breath sounds on the right and possibly a tracheal shift to Answer: left Question: flow =Answer: air to oxygen entrainment factor X set flow to the device
Question: A respiratory therapist is asked to position a patient for orotracheal intubation. The therapist should place the patient's Answer: in the sniffing Question: Changes in the of the bed relative to the transducer will make both systolic and diastolic pressures moveAnswer: same Question: drug is most appropriate to paralyze a sedated patient in status asthmaticus who is mechanical ventilationAnswer: rocuronium bromide Question: What should be done for patient with facial burns, oropharynx edema indicating upper airway burns and the potential for worsening and airway obstructionAnswer: Intubation Question: Moderate stridor with retractions is immediately after extubation of a patient. A respiratory therapist should recommendAnswer: racemic epinephrine Question: Peak expiratory flow measurements are indicated for the measurement Answer: airways obstruction and Question: A patient's VQ scan indicates an excess of compared to perfusion in the left lower lobe. These results suggestAnswer: embolism Question: What classically presents as alveolar unit is ventilated, but pulmonary capillary blood flow is impeded causing poor perfusionAnswer: pulmonary Question: during VC ventilation?Answer: Inspiration ends after of a preset volume |
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