In each blank, try to type in the
word that is missing. If you've
typed in the correct word, the
blank will turn green.
If your not sure what answer should be entered, press the space bar and the next missing letter will be displayed. When you are all done, you should look back over all your answers and review the ones in red. These ones in red are the ones which you needed help on. Question: cofactor?Answer: non protein chemical compound or metallic ion that is to a protein and is required for proteins biological activity Question: what is a non chemical compound or metallic ion bound to a protein and is required for protein's biological activityAnswer: cofactor Question: what do act as?Answer: group reagents Question: group reagent?Answer: coenzymes Question: coenzymes?Answer: from common metabolites Question: vitamin coenzymes?Answer: derivatives of Question: ATP acts as what?Answer: coenzyme Question: why does ATP act as a metabolite ?Answer: participates in metabolic processes and facilitates biochemical reactions Question: what can ATP do?Answer: store and transport chemical energy
donate groups via phosphorylation
couple exergonic and endergonic reactions Question: reaction?Answer: released to surroundings Question: ?Answer: essential for normal growth and development required in tiny Question: why must be supplied in diet?Answer: cannot be synthesised in cells Question: are required for what?Answer: synthesis Question: how are most vitamins to the coenzymeAnswer: enzymatically Question: deficit of ?Answer: result in correspondent coenzyme resulting in Question: vitamins have what in the reactions?Answer: functions (cofactors) Question: vitamins have functions (cofactors) in metabolic reaction and do not what?Answer: do not act as substrates Question: vitamins have what?Answer: specific in metabolism Question: A?Answer: vision growth repair of body Question: D?Answer: and phosphorus metabolism and absoprtion Question: vitamin E?Answer: protects red blood Question: vitamin K?Answer: blood proteins, calcium metabolism Question: thiamin?Answer: coenzyme for conversion of pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme Question: ?Answer: coenzymes helping to form and FADH2 Question: ?Answer: coenzymes NAD and NADPH are involved with 100s of involved in metabolism of carbs Question: acid?Answer: coenzyme in energy metabolism important in formation of CoA incolved in TCA cycle to release energy Question: thiamine?Answer: Question: Answer: B2 Question: niacinAnswer: Question: panthotenic Answer: B5 Question: , pyridoxal, pyridoxamine?Answer: B6 Question: biotin / H?Answer: B7 Question: acid?Answer: B9 Question: ?Answer: B12 Question: vit c?Answer: ascorbic Question: vit A?Answer: retinal retinoic acid Question: vit d3?Answer: Question: vit d2?Answer: Question: vit e?Answer: alpha Question: vit k1?Answer: Question: vit k2?Answer: Question: fat soluble ?Answer: A, D2,D3, E, K1,K2 Question: soluble vitamins?Answer: B1,B2,B3,B5,B6,B7,B9,B12 Question: water soluble ?Answer: absorbed directly into bloodstream via AT or FD
primarily absorbed in intestine
readily excreted from body
not stored, consistent daily intake important Question: water soluble vitamins are absorbed where?Answer: bloodstream Question: water soluble require regular intake why?Answer: not readily stored and are readily excreted from Question: fat vitamins are incorporated where?Answer: micelles bile acids Question: do micelles transport fat soluble vitamins?Answer: intestinal Question: what to fat soluble vitamins transported into the intestinal cells using micellesAnswer: absorbed in intestinal Question: when the fat soluble vitamins are absorbed into intestinal they are packaged as what?Answer: Question: are too large to enter what?Answer: capillaries Question: as are too large to enter chylomicrons where are they delivered?Answer: system Question: where are the chylomicrons ?Answer: liver and adipose Question: are not what?Answer: not readily from body Question: how can accumulation of toxic quanntities of vitamin A and D ?Answer: consumption Question: chylomicrons?Answer: protein coated lipid found in absorptive cell of intestine Question: micelle?Answer: bile coated lipid droplets in lumen of small Question: vitamin ?Answer: disease caused by chronic long term deficieny Question: avitaminosis?Answer: condition caused by complete deficiency in one or more Question: hypovitaminosis?Answer: state of deficiency Question: cofactor?Answer: non protein chemical or metallic ion that is bound to a protein and is required for proteins biological activity Question: what is a non protein chemical compound or metallic ion bound to a protein and is required for protein's biological Answer: cofactor Question: what do act as?Answer: group reagents Question: group transfer ?Answer: Question: coenzymes?Answer: synthesised from metabolites Question: derived coenzymes?Answer: derivatives of Question: ATP acts as what?Answer: coenzyme Question: why does ATP act as a coenzyme?Answer: in various metabolic processes and facilitates biochemical reactions Question: what can ATP do?Answer: store and transport chemical energy
donate groups via phosphorylation
couple exergonic and endergonic reactions Question: reaction?Answer: energy to surroundings Question: ?Answer: essential for normal growth and required in tiny amounts Question: why must be supplied in diet?Answer: cannot be in mammalian cells Question: vitamins are for what?Answer: synthesis Question: how are most transformed to the coenzymeAnswer: enzymatically Question: deficit of ?Answer: result in correspondent coenzyme resulting in Question: have what in the metabolic reactions?Answer: functions (cofactors) Question: vitamins have catalytic functions (cofactors) in reaction and do not what?Answer: do not act as substrates Question: have specific what?Answer: functions in metabolism Question: vitamin A?Answer: growth repair of body tissues Question: D?Answer: and phosphorus metabolism and absoprtion Question: vitamin E?Answer: protects red cells Question: K?Answer: clotting proteins, calcium metabolism Question: thiamin?Answer: coenzyme for of pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A Question: riboflavin?Answer: coenzymes helping to form and FADH2 Question: ?Answer: coenzymes NAD and NADPH are with 100s of enzymes involved in metabolism of carbs Question: acid?Answer: coenzyme in energy metabolism important in formation of acetyl CoA in TCA cycle to release energy Question: ?Answer: B1 Question: riboflavinAnswer: Question: niacinAnswer: Question: acidAnswer: B5 Question: pyridoxine, , pyridoxamine?Answer: Question: biotin / H?Answer: B7 Question: acid?Answer: B9 Question: ?Answer: B12 Question: vit c?Answer: ascorbic Question: vit A?Answer: retinol retinal retinoic Question: vit d3?Answer: Question: vit d2?Answer: Question: vit e?Answer: tocopherol Question: vit k1?Answer: Question: vit k2?Answer: Question: fat soluble ?Answer: A, D2,D3, E, K1,K2 Question: water vitamins?Answer: B1,B2,B3,B5,B6,B7,B9,B12 Question: water vitamins?Answer: absorbed directly into bloodstream via AT or absorbed in intestine
readily excreted from body
not readily stored, consistent daily intake important Question: water vitamins are absorbed directly where?Answer: Question: water soluble require regular intake why?Answer: not stored and are readily excreted from body Question: fat soluble vitamins are incorporated ?Answer: micelles bile acids Question: where do micelles transport fat soluble ?Answer: intestinal Question: what happens to fat soluble transported into the intestinal cells using micellesAnswer: absorbed in cells Question: when the fat soluble vitamins are absorbed into intestinal cells they are as what?Answer: chylomicrons Question: are too large to enter what?Answer: capillaries Question: as chylomicrons are too to enter chylomicrons where are they delivered?Answer: system Question: where are the stored?Answer: liver and tissue Question: are not what?Answer: not excreted from body Question: how can of toxic quanntities of vitamin A and D occur?Answer: consumption Question: chylomicrons?Answer: coated lipid found in absorptive cell of small intestine Question: micelle?Answer: bile coated lipid in lumen of small intestine Question: disease?Answer: disease by chronic long term vitamin deficieny Question: ?Answer: condition caused by complete in one or more vitamins Question: hypovitaminosis?Answer: state of partial deficiency of one or more vitamins which lead to various health issues Question: ?Answer: develops upon only prolonged use of excessive amount of Question: A?Answer: often result from excessive high dose animal liver consumption leading to nausea headache and liver damage Question: b6 toxicity?Answer: typically from excessive and vitamin B6 supplements leading to nerve damage causing and difficulty walking Question: avitaminosis/ ?Answer: any disease caused by chronic or long-term vitamin or caused by a defect in metabolic conversion |
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