In each blank, try to type in the
word that is missing. If you've
typed in the correct word, the
blank will turn green.
If your not sure what answer should be entered, press the space bar and the next missing letter will be displayed. When you are all done, you should look back over all your answers and review the ones in red. These ones in red are the ones which you needed help on. Question: Which of the following does NOT increase the of Hb for oxygen?Answer: D) Increased Question: What is the of an elevated intracellular 2,3-DPG concentration?Answer: C) the availability of oxygen to the tissues. Question: Which of the following you expect to find with “oxygen debt”? Answer: B) I and II I. Accentuated in diseases such as . II. Oxygen demand exceeds oxygen delivery. Question: Regarding pulmonary flow in the upright lung, which of the following statements is true? Answer: B) The bases receive about 20 times more blood flow than the . Question: The time available for diffusion in the lung is mainly a function of of the following? Answer: D) Rate of blood flow Question: A 70-kg male patient has a VCO2 of 200 ml/min and a VA of 9 L/min. From this , what can you infer?Answer: C) The patient will have a than normal PACO2. Question: Why is it to keep the patient’s PaO2 greater than 60 mm Hg? Answer: A) A level of 60 mm Hg marks the beginning of the steep part of O2Hb curve. Question: The PCO2 levels are found in what location? Answer: C) Question: At body temperature, how much oxygen will dissolve in plasma at a PO2 of 40 mm Hg? Answer: A) 0.12 ml/dl Question: What does V/Q mismatch have the impact on?Answer: C) Oxygenation Question: A patient has a P50 of 29 mm Hg. What does this indicate? Answer: A) Decreased of Hb for oxygen. Question: An area of the lung has no but is normally perfused by the pulmonary circulation. Which of the following statements are correct? Answer: D) I, II, and III I. exiting the pulmonary capillary will have a PO2 = 40 and a PCO2 = 46. II. The area represents an alveolar shunt. III. The V/Q is 0. Question: Which of the following conditions must for gas to move between the alveolus and pulmonary capillary? Answer: B) Difference in pressures (pressure gradient) Question: The expected PaO2 for an 80-year-old man who is in good health and breathing room air is about what level?Answer: B) 75 mm Question: What is the approximate CaO2 - CvO2 in a healthy adult at rest?Answer: A) 5 ml/dl Question: When Hb saturation with oxygen is high, less carbon is carried in the blood. What is this relationship called?Answer: D) effect Question: As the amount of oxygen that dissolves in the plasma increases, what is it proportional to?Answer: A) Its partial Question: Which of the following best represents the partial pressures of all gases in the normally ventilated and alveolus when breathing room air at sea level? Answer: B) PO2 = 100 mm Hg; PCO2 = 40 mm Hg; PN2 = 573 mm Hg; PH2O = 47 mm Question: Which of the following “layers” must be traversed by gases moving across the -capillary membrane? Answer: A) I, II, and III I. epithelial membrane II. Capillary endothelial membrane III. Interstitial space IV. Transbronchial radial tethering mechanisms Question: In a person breathing room air (and with all else normal), if the alveolar PCO2 rises from 40 to 70 mm Hg, what would you expect?Answer: A) PAO2 to fall by 30 mm Hg Question: Which of the following values corresponds most closely to the PO2 and PCO2 in the mixed venous blood returning to the lungs from the right side of the heart?Answer: A) PO2 = 40 mm Hg; PCO2 = 46 mm Question: In which of the following conditions will erythrocyte concentration of 2,3-DPG be ? Answer: B) blood Question: According to the Fick principle, if oxygen consumption remains constant, an in cardiac output will manifest itself as which of the following? Answer: A) in the CaO2 - CvO2 Question: The oxidation of the Hb molecule’s iron ions to the ferric state (Fe3+) in which of the following? Answer: C) II and III II. Formation of methemoglobin (metHb). III. Inability of metHb to bind with . Question: Carbon dioxide is most commonly elevated due to pulmonary disease that results in small tidal volumes.Answer: B) Question: What is the most important component in the transport system?Answer: C) Question: to the Bohr effect, when the pH drops (blood becomes more acidic), what happens? Answer: A) I and II I. The affinity of Hb for oxygen decreases. II. The Hb saturation for a PO2 falls. Question: Which of the following are causes of hypoxia? Answer: D) I, II, and III I. Decrease in arterial PO2. II. Decrease in available Hb. III. Decrease in output. Question: When a Hb molecule accumulates excessive amounts of HCO3-, it is expelled from the cell in exchange for Cl-. What is this ?Answer: C) Hamburger Question: If the total hemoglobin content (Hb + HbO2) of a sample of blood is 20 g/dl and the (HbO2) content is 15 g/dl, what is the HbO2 saturation? Answer: C) 75% Question: In which of the forms is carbon dioxide transported by the blood? Answer: D) I, II, and III I. Chemically combined with proteins II. Ionized as bicarbonate (HCO3-) III. physical solution Question: normal physiologic circumstances, how many milliliters of oxygen are capable of combining with 1 g of Hb?Answer: D) 1.340 Question: A patient has a whole-body oxygen consumption of 320 ml/min and a measured CaO2 - Cv O2 of 8 ml/dl. What is the output?Answer: B) 4.0 L/min Question: On what does the of gases between the lungs and the body tissues mainly depend? Answer: B) Gaseous Question: What occurs in the bases of the lung?Answer: D) The V/Q is than the average. Question: Which of the following equations best describes oxygen delivery to the ?Answer: B) arterial oxygen content x cardiac Question: An abnormal metabolic state in which the tissues are unable to utilize the oxygen made available to them best describes which of the ?Answer: B) Dysoxia Question: Compared to normal levels, a shift in the HbO2 curve to the has which of the following effects? Answer: B) I and II I. The of Hb for oxygen decreases. II. The Hb saturation for a given PO2 falls. Question: What role does the Bohr effect play in transport? Answer: C) Enhances oxygen delivery to tissues and oxygen at lungs. Question: What is the most common of hypoxemia?Answer: D) V/Q Question: The affinity of Hb for carbon monoxide (CO) is approximately how many times greater than its for oxygen?Answer: D) 200 or Question: Under what will the alveolar PACO2 rise above normal?Answer: C) If VA relative to carbon dioxide production. Question: The lowest PO2 would normally be in what location?Answer: C) Question: Given the following blood parameters, compute the total oxygen content (dissolved + HbO2) of the in ml/dl: Hb = 16; PO2 = 625 Hg; SO2 = 100%. Answer: D) 23.3 ml/dl Question: Which of the following are true fetal hemoglobin (HbF)? Answer: C) It delivers more to tissues at low PaO2 than normal Hb. Question: Which of the following gases diffuse fastest across the alveolar-capillary membrane?Answer: B) Carbon Question: What is the minimum amount of time that blood must take for pulmonary capillary transit for equilibration of to occur across the alveolar-capillary membrane?Answer: B) 0.25 Question: Even in young subjects, regional differences in pulmonary ventilation and blood flow result in the PaO2 being lower than the PAO2. Why is this so?Answer: C) Most blood flows through the of the lung. Question: What is the highest PAO2 one could expect to observe in an individual room air at sea level?Answer: B) 110 to 120 mm Question: Given the following blood parameters, compute the total oxygen content (dissolved + HbO2) of the in ml/dl: Hb = 18; PO2 = 40 mm Hg; SO2 = 73%.Answer: B) 17.7 ml/dl |
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