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Question: intense pain over a short Answer: pain Question: pain longer than 6 monthsAnswer: pain Question: potent polypeptides composed of many amino acids in the pituitary gland and other areas of the CNS that are activated by stress and painAnswer: endorphins Question: suggests that pain impulses are regulated and blocked by gating mechanisms located along the central nervous systemAnswer: gate control Question: this type of sleep is necessary for body tissue and healthy cardiac functionAnswer: non-rapid eye Question: injurious to healthAnswer: Question: allows patient to admister analgesia to self as Answer: patient-controlled Question: this type of is necessary for brain and cognitive restorationAnswer: rapid eye Question: pain felt at a site other than the or diseased organ or part of the bodyAnswer: referred Question: the action of two or more or organs to achieve an greater effect than either could individuallyAnswer: synergistic Question: orivudes a continuous mild electric current to the skin via electrodes that are attached to a by flexible wiresAnswer: transcutaneous electric nerve Question: pain scale where patient mars a spot on a horizontal line to pain intensityAnswer: visual scale Question: causes of discomfortAnswer: , depression, distension, fatigue, fear, flatus, headach, incontinence, nausea, etc. Question: and Pasero's theory of painAnswer: "Pain is whatever the person says it is, existing whenever he says it does" Question: is pain subjective or in nature?Answer: subjective Question: according to the gate control theory, these factors can alter the passage of pain into concious awarenessAnswer: thoughts, feelings, Question: the "fifth sign"Answer: Question: subjective data in pain Answer: site, severity, duration, and Question: objective data in pain Answer: tachycardia, increased respirationi rate, increased blood presssure, pallor, pupils, increased muscle tension Question: factors that can synergistically increase a perception of painAnswer: , sleep disturbance, depression Question: this type of analgesia inhibits prostaglandins and may block pain impulses in the CNS and Answer: nonopioids Question: this form of analgesia probably relieves pain by action in the CNS by binding to opioid receptor sites in the brain and the spinal cordAnswer: opioids Question: a group of that relieves pain by a variety of mechanisms, many of which are not understoodAnswer: analgesics Question: noninvasive approaches to pain using cutaneous stimulationAnswer: heat, cold, , TENS Question: noninvasive approaches to pain by use of methods other than cutaneous stimulationAnswer: distraction, relaxation, guided , meditation, hypnonsis, biofeedback Question: invasive methods of pain Answer: nerve blocks, epidural analgesics, procedures, acupuncture Question: three classes of used for analgesiaAnswer: nonopioids, , adjuvant analgesics Question: similar to acupuncture, but uses at specific points rather than needle stimulationAnswer: Question: of stimulating certain points on the body by the insertion of special needles to modify the preception of pain, normalize physiologic functions, or treat or prevent diseaseAnswer: Question: traditional or conventional western Answer: medicine Question: include the same interventions as complementary , but used as the primary treatment method rather than allopathis medicineAnswer: therapies Question: uses pure essential oils, produced from plants, to provide benefitsAnswer: aromatherapy Question: noninvasive method of determining a patient's and autonomic nervous system response by measureing body functions (vitals)Answer: biofeedback Question: doctors of this undergo extensive in manipulation of the musculoskeletal systemAnswer: therapy Question: therapies used in to convetional treatment recommended by a person's health care providerAnswer: complementary Question: usually uses the whole plant and does not have any dosesAnswer: therapy Question: an to nursing that addresses and treats the mind, body, and spirit of the patientAnswer: nursing Question: use the concious mind to create mental images to evoke physical chahnges in the body, create a sense of improved wellbeing, and enhance Answer: imagery Question: of energyAnswer: meridians Question: sometimes derived from herbs but separate the active from inactive ingredients and have dosagages; regulated by FDAAnswer: Question: life Answer: Question: this form of complementary/alternative is based on the idea that it is possible to exert an effect on the entire body by applying pressure to specific areas on the feetAnswer: Question: the state of a generalized decrease in , physiologic, or behavioral arousalAnswer: Question: chinese martial arty using theory of opposites; improves strength, flexibility, coordination, , reaction time, sensitivity, and confidenceAnswer: tai chi, or Question: massage performed by trained professionals to manipulate the soft tissues of the body and assist with Answer: massage Question: "yoke"; a combination of exercises, physical postures, and meditationAnswer: Question: in this type of alternative/complementary therapy the manufacturere is not by law to demonstrate the safety, efficacy, or quality of their productAnswer: herbal Question: these adjust the joints of the body by gentle manipulation to put the area back in proper alignmentAnswer: chiropractors Question: does a chiropractor prescribe Answer: no Question: to aromatherapyAnswer: , allergies, pregnancy Question: to therapeutic massageAnswer: phlebitis, thrombosis, disease Question: in this complementary/alternative treatment, scents are used to relax, stimulate, improve digestion, increase hormone production, improve circulation, or improve memoryAnswer: aromatherapy Question: possible physiologic to magnet therapyAnswer: vasodilation, analgesic action, anti-inflammatory, of spasm, healing acceleration, reduce swelling Question: to magnet therapyAnswer: pregnancy, pacemakers, insulin pumps, cochlear implants, electric or heating pad, myasthenia gravis, hyperthyroidism Question: harmful, unintended reaction to a drug administered at a dosageAnswer: adverse drug Question: a drug that produces a predictable response at the site of actionAnswer: agonist Question: , life threatening hypersensitivity reactionAnswer: anaphylactic Question: a drug that will the action of another drugAnswer: Question: total area of the body to the outside environmentAnswer: body area Question: medication achieved by a tablet between the cheek and the teeth or gumAnswer: Question: the ability of two drugs to without any negative or positive drug interactionAnswer: Question: the eventual total of incremental Answer: Question: bottom of the Answer: denominator Question: a way of drug dosage based on the dosage desired, conversion factor, dosage on handAnswer: dimensional Question: the of drops of solution required to produce 1 ml of fluidAnswer: drip Question: modification of the effect of a drug when administered with drugAnswer: drug Question: a drug given at any of the GI tractAnswer: Question: medication that is coated to keep it from being absorbed in the stomachAnswer: enteric Question: terms of a proportionAnswer: extremes Question: standard scale of measurement for diameterAnswer: gauge Question: markings on a medicine cup or syringe indicating a amountAnswer: graduated Question: an individual's unique hypersensitivity to a drugAnswer: idiosyncratic Question: heparin or saline Answer: intermittent access device Question: the inside of the hollow shaft of a a hypodermic Answer: lumen Question: terms of a proportionAnswer: Question: curve formed by 's upper surfaceAnswer: Question: a substance produced by action that results in the breakdown of a drugAnswer: metabolite Question: unit for measuring the concentration of electrolytes in a volume of solutionAnswer: milliequivalent Question: top of a Answer: Question: any of medication administration other than by digestive or percutaneousAnswer: parenteral Question: the portion of a whole as an expression of how many (%)Answer: percent Question: medication administered through the skin or mucous Answer: Question: of drugs and their action on the human bodyAnswer: Question: a drug increases the action or effect of another drug, also synergismAnswer: potentiation Question: the concept that the between two ratios has equal valueAnswer: Question: to crush into Answer: pulverize Question: the of one number or quantity to anotherAnswer: Question: ungraduated paper cupAnswer: souffle Question: placed under the tongueAnswer: Question: the dosage of a medication that is effective and Answer: Question: response to a drug over timeAnswer: tolerance Question: medication applied to the Answer: topical Question: the amount of a drug prescribed for the patient by the physician in a given amount of time or at a frequencyAnswer: drug Question: the smallest of a drug that produces a therapeutic effectAnswer: minimal Question: the amount of a drug that produces and symptoms of poisoningAnswer: dosage Question: the amount of a drug that will deathAnswer: dosage Question: six of medication administrationAnswer: medication, dose, time, route, patient, Question: factors that affect drug action in Answer: age, weight, physical health, psychological , temperature of environment, sex, amount of food in stomach, dosage form Question: immediately; number one Answer: Question: as soon as , number three priorityAnswer: Question: give now; number two Answer: Question: as necessary; can be requested by or given at the discretion of the nurse within specific parameters set by the physicianAnswer: prn Question: drugs that have a high for abuse or addictionAnswer: substance Question: an order by the physician; must be signed withing 24 hoursAnswer: order Question: order given over the telephoneAnswer: telephone Question: orders that arre already written by a physician for any on a particular unit or area; no need to confirm them with physician before taking actionAnswer: order Question: the amount of a drug that it is possible to give safelyAnswer: dosage Question: how many times should medications be before administration?Answer: three Question: what is the correct method for a patient before administering medication?Answer: full name, date of Question: when medications be charted?Answer: administration Question: what is the correct method for selecting an site?Answer: landmarks Question: whose responsiblility is it to that a patient receives the correct medication ordered by the physician?Answer: the Question: how many are required to waste a controlled substance?Answer: two Question: what is the method of medication administration?Answer: parenteral Question: what is the purpose of the z-track of injection?Answer: to irritation and tissue discoloration Question: that are injections commonly used for?Answer: skin Question: fluid that consists of plasma and formed elementsAnswer: blood Question: pH of bloodAnswer: 7.35-7.45 Question: normal NaCl concentration in Answer: 0.9% Question: plasma proteins that help thicken and blood volumeAnswer: Question: plasma proteins that help the body from infectionAnswer: Question: plasma proteins necessary for clottingAnswer: fibrinogen Question: average adult volumeAnswer: 4-6 Question: granular leukocytesAnswer: neutrophils, eosinophils, Question: two nongranular Answer: lymphocytes, Question: the major formed elements of bloodAnswer: RBC's, WBC's, and Question: substances transported in the Answer: and CO2, nutrients, waste products, hormones Question: elements of homeostasis by bloodAnswer: pH, water , prevents blood loss, body temperature Question: the part of the blood that is mostly responsible for transporting Answer: hemoglobin Question: three elements of hemostasis (stopping )Answer: vessel spasm, plug formation, clot formation Question: clear, straw colored portion of blood that is a mixture of water, amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, hormones, electrolytes, and cellular Answer: plasma Question: smallest but most abundant plasma protein, important in maintaining the osmotic pressure of bloodAnswer: Question: indications for of whole bloodAnswer: hemorrhage, hypovolemic Question: indications for administration of whole bloodAnswer: multiple trasfusion, exchange , priming agent for hemodialysis Question: indications for the of packed RBC'sAnswer: of circulatory overload, anemia, low hemoglobin Question: for the administration of washed RBC's (deglycerolized)Answer: hypersensitivity reactions likely, immunosuppressed patient, of reactions, bone marrow transplant patients Question: indications for the administratioin of frozen plasmaAnswer: clottind deficiencies, for blood volume expansion (burns, shock, deficiency), warfarin overdose Question: procedure in which blood is off, cleansed, and returned to circulationAnswer: plasmapheresis (plasma ) Question: for plasmapheresisAnswer: immune disorders, multiple myeloma, glomerulonephritis, , rheumatoid arthritis, myasthenia gravis Question: indications for the of granulocytesAnswer: low Question: indications for the of pooled plateletsAnswer: , low platelet count, active bleeding Question: indications for the of single donor plateletsAnswer: thrombocytopenia, active bleeding, low platelets with history of febrile or reactions Question: indications for the administration of Answer: hemophilia, fibrinogen deficiency, von 's diseaase Question: indications for the administration of factor concentrateAnswer: hemophilia Question: indications for the of factor IX complexAnswer: hemophilia B, clotting deficiency, warfarin overdose Question: indications for the administration of plasma fractionAnswer: hypovolemic shock, protein , burns, ARDS, dehydration, hypoalbuninemia Question: indications for the of albuminAnswer: blood volume expansion, and treat cerebral edema Question: indications for the of gamma globulinsAnswer: exposure, mumps Question: the physician's order for the of blood or blood product must contain...Answer: type of , volume, rate, any special conditions Question: before infusion of products, the nurse must verify...Answer: physician's , patient consent form Question: this type of transfusion is caused by the administration of ABO incompatible bloodAnswer: hemolytic Question: and syptoms of acute hemolytic reactionAnswer: chills, fever, low back pain, , tachycardia, tachypnea, hypotension, vascular collapse Question: this transfusion is caused by sensitization to donor white blood cells, platelets, or plasma proteinsAnswer: febrile, Question: signs and symptoms of reactionAnswer: fever, chills, headache, flushing, anxiety, muscle Question: this transfusion is caused by sensitivity to foreign plasma proteins and results in flushing, itching, and hivesAnswer: Question: this type of infusion reaction is caused by administration of fluid faster than circulation can , and results in cough, dyspena, pulmonary congestion, headache, hypertension, tachycardia, and distended neck veinsAnswer: circulatory Question: this transfusion reaction is the of contaminated bloodAnswer: Question: what immediate reaction should the nurse take if he/she observes signs or symptoms of a reaction?Answer: stop , administer saline, notify charge nurse or physician Question: this vascular access device is inserted throught the chest wall into the subclavian vein, or through the neck into the internal veinAnswer: PICC (perhipherally central catheter) Question: how long do PICC lines normally remain in ?Answer: 7 days to 3 Question: vascular access devices are implanted surgically through a subcutaneous tunnellAnswer: CVTC venous tunneled catheter Question: of CVTC'sAnswer: broviac, groshong, Question: you must use this type of needle to access implanted Answer: huber Question: how should central line dressings be changed?Answer: once at 24 hours, and then every seven days Question: what does SASH stand for, in relation to medication administration through a Answer: saline, , saline, heparin Question: of VAD'sAnswer: infection, air embolism, occlusion, improper Question: how must placement of a PICC or CVTC be ?Answer: Question: what is the best position for the administration of oral ?Answer: , (fowlers, high fowlers) Question: how much water should you used to the NG tube before and after administration of meds?Answer: 30-50 Question: should you read the amount of a liquid medication?Answer: at the Question: these medications at room temperatureAnswer: Question: what is one essential piece of equipment applying a topical medication to a patient?Answer: gloves Question: what is the correct of eye drops?Answer: sac Question: how many can the conjunctival sac hold?Answer: two, Question: what you ask the patient to do after the application of eye drops or ointment to speed absorption?Answer: blink or move Question: what should eardrops be at before applied?Answer: room Question: which way you pull a child's (under three) ear to straighten the auditory canal?Answer: downward and Question: which way should you pull an adults ear to straighten the canal?Answer: and back Question: what you have your patient do before administering nasal sprays or drops?Answer: blow nose Question: how far from the mouth should an inhaler spacer be held?Answer: 1/2 to 1 Question: how much does a tuberculin hold?Answer: 1 mL Question: how should a syringe be (at a minimum) for use on a central line?Answer: 10 Question: what are syringes calibrated to?Answer: Question: how often blood glucose be monitored for a patient on TPN?Answer: 6-8 hours Question: how should vital signs be monitored for a patient on TPN?Answer: 4-8 hours Question: in blood transfusion, what flow rate should be set for the first 15 ?Answer: 2mL/minute |
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