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If your not sure what answer should be entered, press the space bar and the next missing letter will be displayed. When you are all done, you should look back over all your answers and review the ones in red. These ones in red are the ones which you needed help on. Word: AbscessDefinition: abscess: an of a tooth, soft tissue, or bone. Word: AbutmentDefinition: abutment: tooth or on either side of a missing tooth that support a fixed or removable bridge. Word: resinDefinition: acrylic resin: the widely used in dentistry. Word: ADA Seal of Definition: ADA Seal of Acceptance: a designation awarded to products that have met American Dental Association's criteria for safety and effectiveness and whose and advertising claims are scientifically supported. Word: AdjustmentDefinition: adjustment: a made upon a dental prosthesis after it has been completed and inserted into the mouth. Word: Air abrasion/micro Definition: AA/MA: drill-free technique that blasts the tooth surface with air and an abrasive. May avoid the need for an and can be used to remove tooth decay, old composite restorations, discolorations and prepare a tooth surface for bonding or sealants. Word: Alveolar Definition: alveolar bone: the bone surrounding the root of the tooth, anchoring it in ; loss of this bone is typically associated with severe periodontal (gum) disease. Word: Definition: amalgam: a common filling material used to cavities. The material, also known as "silver fillings," contains mercury in combination with silver, tin, copper, and sometimes zinc. Word: Anaerobic Definition: bacteria: bacteria that do not need oxygen to grow; they are generally associated with periodontal disease Word: AnalgesiaDefinition: analgesia: a state of pain relief; an agent for pain. Word: Definition: anesthesia: a type of medication that results in partial or complete elimination of pain ; numbing a tooth is an example of local anesthesia; general anesthesia produces partial or complete unconsciousness. Word: Definition: : a drug that stops or slows the growth of bacteria. Word: Definition: antiseptic: a chemical agent that can be applied to living tissues to germs. Word: ApexDefinition: apex: the tip of the root of a . Word: Appliance Definition: appliance: any removable restoration or orthodontic device. Word: Baby Bottle Decay Definition: baby bottle tooth decay: decay in infants and , most often affecting the upper front teeth, caused by sweetened liquids given and left clinging to the teeth for long periods (for example, in feeding bottles or pacifiers). Also called early childho Word: BicuspidDefinition: bicuspid: the fourth and fifth teeth from the center of the mouth to the back of the mouth. These are the back teeth that are used for ; they only have two points (cusps). Adults have eight bicuspids (also called premolars), two in front of each gr Word: BiofeedbackDefinition: biofeedback: a relaxation technique that involves learning how to better cope with pain and by altering behavior, thoughts, and feelings. Word: BiopsyDefinition: biopsy: removal of a small piece of tissue for diagnostic . Word: BiteDefinition: bite: of the upper and lower teeth upon closure (occlusion). Word: Bite-WingDefinition: bite-wing: a single X-ray that shows upper and lower teeth teeth (from crown to the level of the supporting bone) in a select area on the same film. Word: BleachingDefinition: : chemical or laser treatment of natural teeth that uses peroxide to produce the whitening effect. Word: Definition: bonding: the covering of a tooth surface with a tooth-colored to repair and/or change the color or shape of a tooth, for instance, due to stain or damage. Word: BoneDefinition: bone resorption: in the amount of bone supporting the roots of teeth; a common result of periodontal (gum) disease. Word: BracesDefinition: braces: (bands, wires, ceramic appliances) put in place by orthodontists to gradually reposition teeth to a more favorable alignment. Word: Definition: bridge: stationary dental prosthesis (appliance) fixed to teeth adjacent to a space; replaces one or more teeth, cemented or bonded to supporting teeth or implants adjacent to the space. Also called a fixed partial denture. Word: BruxismDefinition: : grinding or gnashing of the teeth, most commonly during sleep. Word: CalciumDefinition: : an element needed for the development of healthy teeth, bones, and nerves. Word: CalculusDefinition: calculus: hard, calcium-like deposits that form on teeth due to inadequate plaque control, often stained yellow or brown. Also "tartar." Word: Canker Definition: canker sore: sores or small shallow ulcers that appear in the mouth and often make eating and talking uncomfortable; they typically appear in people between the ages of 10 and 20 and last a week in duration before disappearing. Word: CapDefinition: cap: common term for a crown. Word: CariesDefinition: caries: tooth decay or "cavities." A dental infection caused by produced by bacteria. Word: Definition: clasp: device that holds a partial denture to stationary teeth. Word: CleaningDefinition: cleaning: removal of plaque and calculus (tarter) from , generally above the gum line. Word: LipDefinition: cleft lip: a physical split or separation of the two sides of the upper lip that appears as a narrow opening or gap in the skin of the upper lip. This separation often extends beyond the base of the nose and the bones of the upper jaw and/or uppe Word: Cleft Definition: cleft palate: a or opening in the roof of the mouth. Word: Resin FillingDefinition: composite resin filling: tooth-colored restorative material composed of plastic with small glass or ceramic particles; usually "cured" or hardened with filtered light or chemical . An alternative to silver amalgam fillings. Word: DentureDefinition: conventional denture: a denture that is ready for placement in the about eight to 12 weeks after the teeth have been removed. Word: (Aesthetic) DentistryDefinition: cosmetic (aesthetic) : a branch of dentistry under which treatments are performed to enhance the color and shape of teeth. Word: Definition: crown: (1) the of a tooth above the gum line that is covered by enamel; (2) dental restoration covering all or most of the natural tooth; the artificial cap can be made of porcelain, composite, or metal and is cemented on top of the damaged tooth. Word: Definition: cuspids: the third tooth from the center of the mouth to the back of the . These are the front teeth that have one rounded or pointed edge used for biting. Also known as canines. Word: Definition: cusps: the high points on the surfaces of the back teeth. Word: CystDefinition: cyst: an abnormal sac gas, fluid, or a semisolid material. Word: DDSDefinition: DDS: Doctor of Surgery -- equivalent to DMD, Doctor of Dental Medicine. Word: Definition: decay: destruction of tooth structure caused by produced by bacteria. Word: Deciduous Definition: deciduous teeth: commonly "baby teeth" or primary teeth; the first set of (usually) 20 teeth. Word: DemineralizationDefinition: demineralization: loss of mineral from tooth enamel just below the surface in a carious lesion; usually appears as a white area on the surface. Word: Definition: dentin: inner layer of tooth structure, immediately the surface enamel Word: Definition: denture: a removable replacement of artificial teeth for missing natural teeth and surrounding tissues. Two types of dentures are available -- complete and . Complete dentures are used when all the teeth are missing, while partial dentures are used Word: DMDDefinition: DMD: Doctor of Dentistry; equivalent to DDS, Doctor of Dental Surgery. Word: Dry Definition: dry mouth: a condition in which the flow of saliva is reduced and there is not enough saliva to keep the mouth moist. Dry mouth can be the result of medications (such as antihistamines and decongestants), certain diseases (such as Sjögren's syndro Word: Dry Definition: dry socket: a common complication that occurs when either a blood clot has to form in an extracted tooth socket or else the blood clot that did form has been dislodged. Word: Definition: edentulous: no teeth. Word: Definition: enamel: the hard, mineralized material that covers the outside portion of the tooth that lies the gum line (the crown). Word: Definition: endodontics: a field of dentistry concerned with the biology and pathology of the dental pulp and root tissues of the tooth and with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases and of these tissues. A root canal is a commonly performed e Word: Endodontist Definition: endodontist: a dental specialist concerned with the causes, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and of the human dental pulp or the nerve of the tooth. Word: EruptionDefinition: eruption: the of the tooth from its position in the jaw. Word: Definition: extraction: removal of a . Word: Definition: filling: restoration of lost tooth structure with metal, porcelain, or resin . Word: FistulaDefinition: fistula: channel emanating pus from an site; a gum boil. Word: Flap Definition: flap : lifting of gum tissue to expose and clean underlying tooth and bone structures. Word: Definition: : a thread-like material used to clean between the contact areas of teeth; part of a good daily oral hygiene plan. Word: Definition: fluoride: a mineral that helps strengthen teeth enamel making teeth less susceptible to decay. Fluoride is ingested through food or water, is available in most toothpastes, or can be as a gel or liquid to the surface of teeth by a dentist. Word: FluorosisDefinition: fluorosis: discoloration of the enamel due to too much fluoride ingestion (greater than one part per ) into the bloodstream, also called enamel mottling. Word: General Definition: general dentist: the primary care dental provider. This dentist , treats, and manages overall oral health care needs, including gum care, root canals, fillings, crowns, veneers, bridges, and preventive education. Word: GingivaDefinition: gingiva: the soft tissue that surrounds the base of the teeth; the pink tissue around the . Word: Definition: gingivectomy: surgical of gum tissue. Word: GingivitisDefinition: gingivitis: inflamed, swollen, and reddish gum tissue that may bleed easily when touched or brushed. It is the first step in a series of events that begins with plaque build up in the and may end -- if not properly treated -- with periodontitis and Word: Definition: gingivoplasty: a procedure performed by periodontists to the gum tissue. Word: Gold Definition: gold : an alternative to silver amalgam fillings. Word: Gum Definition: gum recession: exposure of roots due to shrinkage of the gums as a result of abrasion, periodontal disease, or surgery. Word: PerchaDefinition: gutta percha: material used in the of root canals. Word: HalitosisDefinition: halitosis: bad breath of oral or origin. Word: Definition: : the instrument used to hold and revolve burs in dental operations. Word: Hard Definition: hard palate: the bony portion of the roof of the mouth. Word: Definition: hygienist: a licensed, auxiliary dental professional who is both an oral health educator and clinician who uses , therapeutic, and educational methods to control oral disease. Word: Definition: hypersensitivity: a sharp, sudden painful reaction in teeth when exposed to hot, cold, , sour, salty, chemical, or mechanical stimuli. Word: Immediate Definition: immediate denture: a or partial denture that is made in advance and can be positioned as soon as the natural teeth are removed. Word: ToothDefinition: impacted tooth: a tooth that is partially or completely blocked from erupting through the surface of the gum. An impacted tooth may push other teeth together or damage the bony supporting the adjacent tooth. Often times, impacted teeth must be Word: Definition: implant: a metal rod (usually made of titanium) that is surgically placed into the upper or lower jawbone where a tooth is missing; it as the tooth root and anchor for the crown, bridge, or denture that is placed over it. Word: ImpressionDefinition: impression: mold made of the teeth and soft . Word: Incision and Definition: and drainage: surgical incision of an abscess to drain pus. Word: Definition: incisors: four upper and four lower teeth, excluding the cuspids (canine teeth). These teeth are used primarily for biting and cutting. Word: InlayDefinition: inlay: similar to a filling but the work lies within the cusps (bumps) on the chewing surface of the tooth. Word: JawboneDefinition: jawbone: The hard bone that supports the face and includes bone, which anchors the teeth. Word: Definition: leukoplakia: a or gray patch that develops on the tongue or the inside of the cheek. It is the mouth's reaction to chronic irritation of the mucous membranes of the mouth. Word: Definition: malocclusion: "bad bite" or misalignment of the or jaws. Word: Definition: : the lower jaw. Word: MaxillaDefinition: maxilla: the jaw. Word: MercuryDefinition: : a metal component of amalgam fillings. Word: Definition: : three back teeth in each dental quadrant used for grinding food. Word: GuardDefinition: mouth guard: a soft-fitted that is inserted into the mouth and worn over the teeth to protect them against impact or injury. Word: RelaxantDefinition: muscle relaxant: a type of medication often prescribed to stress. Word: NerveDefinition: nerve: tissue that conveys , temperature, and position information to the brain. Word: Nerve (root) Definition: nerve (root) canal: dental pulp; the chamber of a tooth where the nerves and blood vessels pass. Word: GuardDefinition: night guard: a removable acrylic appliance that fits over the upper and lower teeth used to prevent wear and temporomandibular caused by grinding or gnashing of the teeth during sleep. Word: Nitrous Definition: nitrous oxide: a gas (also called laughing gas) used to patient anxiety. Word: Definition: NSAID: a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used as a dental analgesic. Word: X-RaysDefinition: occlusal X-rays: an X-ray showing full tooth development and placement. Each X-ray reveals the entire arch of teeth in either the or lower jaw. Word: OcclusionDefinition: occlusion: the relationship of the upper and teeth when the mouth is closed. Word: OnlayDefinition: onlay: a type of restoration (filling) made of , porcelain, or acrylic that is more extensive than an inlay in that it covers one or more cusps. Onlays are sometimes called partial crowns. Word: Oral Definition: oral : the mouth. Word: Oral and Maxillofacial Definition: oral and maxillofacial radiologist: the oral health care provider who specializes in the production and interpretation of all types of X-ray images and data that are used in the and management of diseases, disorders, and conditions of the oral a Word: Oral and Maxillofacial Definition: oral and surgery: surgical procedures on the mouth including extractions, removal of cysts or tumors, and repair of fractured jaws. Word: Oral Definition: oral : process of maintaining cleanliness of the teeth and related structures. Word: Oral Definition: oral medicine: the specialty of dentistry that provides for the care of the medically complex patient the integration of medicine and oral health care. Word: Oral Definition: oral pathologist: the oral care provider who studies the causes of diseases that alter or affect the oral structures (teeth, lips, cheeks, jaws) as well as parts of the face and neck. Word: Oral Definition: oral surgeon: the oral care provider who performs many types of surgical procedures in and around the entire face, mouth, and jaw area. Word: Definition: orthodontics: dental specialty that braces, retainers, and other dental devices to treat misalignment of teeth, restoring them to proper functioning. Word: OrthodontistDefinition: orthodontist: the oral health provider who specializes in , prevention, interception, and treatment of malocclusions, or "bad bites," of the teeth and surrounding structures. This is the specialist whose responsibility it is to straighten teeth b Word: OverbiteDefinition: overbite: an excessive protrusion of the upper jaw in a vertical overlap of the front teeth. Word: OverjetDefinition: overjet: an excessive protrusion of the upper jaw resulting in a horizontal overlap of the teeth. Word: OverdentureDefinition: overdenture: denture that fits over residual or dental implants. Word: Definition: : hard and soft tissue forming the roof of the mouth. Word: X-RayDefinition: panoramic X-ray: a type of X-ray that shows a complete two dimensional representation of all the in the mouth. This X-ray also shows the relationship of the teeth to the jaws and the jaws to the head. Word: DentureDefinition: partial denture: a removable appliance that replaces some of the teeth in either the upper or jaw. Word: Definition: pathology: of disease. Word: Pedodontics or DentistryDefinition: pedodontics or pediatric dentistry: dental specialty focusing on treatment of , children, and young adults. Word: Pedodontist/Pediatric Definition: pedodontist/pediatric dentist: the oral health care provider who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of the dental problems of children from infancy to young adulthood. This provider also usually cares for special patients. Word: Definition: periapical: region at the end of the of teeth. Word: X-raysDefinition: periapical X-rays: X-rays providing complete side views from the roots to the of the teeth. Word: Periodontal Definition: periodontal ligament: The connective tissue that surrounds the tooth (specifically covering the cementum) and connects the tooth to the jawbone, holding it in Word: Definition: periodontist: the dental specialist who specializes in diagnosing, treating, and preventing of the soft tissues of the mouth (the gums) and the supporting structures (bones) of the teeth (both natural and man-made teeth). Word: Definition: periodontitis: a more stage of periodontal disease in which the inner layer of the gum and bone pull away from the teeth and form pockets and alveolar bone is destroyed. Word: PeridontiumDefinition: periodontium: The tissue that lines the socket into the root of the tooth fits. Word: Definition: plaque: a colorless, sticky film composed of undigested food particles mixed with saliva and bacteria that constantly forms on the teeth. Plaque left alone eventually turns in to tartar or calculus and is the main factor in dental caries and perio Word: Permanent Definition: permanent teeth: the teeth that replace the or primary teeth -- also called baby teeth. There are (usually) 32 adult teeth in a complete dentition. Word: Definition: plaque: a colorless, sticky film composed of undigested food particles mixed with saliva and bacteria that forms on the teeth. Plaque left alone eventually turns in to tartar or calculus and is the main factor in causing dental caries and perio Word: Definition: pontic: a replacement mounted on a fixed or removal appliance. Word: PorcelainDefinition: : a tooth-colored, sand-like material; much like enamel in appearance. Word: Porcelain Definition: porcelain crown: all restoration covering the coronal portion of tooth (above the gum line). Word: Porcelain Fused to (PFM) CrownDefinition: porcelain to metal (PFM) crown: restoration with metal caping (for strength) covered by porcelain (for appearance). Word: Porcelain Inlay or Definition: porcelain inlay or onlay: -colored restoration made of porcelain, cemented or bonded in place. Word: Definition: post: thin metal rod inserted into the root of a tooth after root canal therapy; retention for a capping that replaces lost tooth structure. Word: gingivitisDefinition: pregnancy gingivitis: gingivitis that develops during pregnancy. The hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy -- especially the increased level of progesterone -- may make it easier for certain gingivitis-causing bacteria to grow as well as make gum Word: Pregnacy Definition: pregnancy tumors: an extreme inflammatory reaction to a local irritation (such as food particles or ) that occurs in up to 10% of pregnant women and often in women who also have pregnancy gingivitis. Pregnancy tumors appear on inflamed gum tissue as Word: Primary Definition: primary teeth: the first set of 20 temporary teeth. Also called baby teeth, the primary dentition, or deciduous teeth, normally fall out one by one 6 and 12 years of age. Word: ProphylaxisDefinition: prophylaxis: the cleaning of the for the prevention of periodontal disease and tooth decay. Word: ProstheticsDefinition: prosthetics: a fixed or removable appliance used to replace missing teeth (for , bridges, partials, and dentures). Word: Definition: prosthodontist: a specialist who is skilled in restoring or replacing teeth with fixed or removable prostheses (appliances), maintaining proper occlusion; treats facial deformities with artificial prostheses such as eyes, ears, and noses. Word: PulpDefinition: pulp: the living part of the tooth, located inside the dentin. Pulp contains the nerve tissue and vessels that supply nutrients to the tooth. Word: Definition: : refers to X-rays. Word: Radio Wave Definition: radio wave therapy: a therapy involving the use of low level electrical stimulation to increase blood flow and provide pain relief. In , this is one type of therapy that can be applied to the joint of individuals with temporomandibular disorder. Word: Definition: : a procedure in which small amounts of tooth enamel are removed to change a tooth's length, shape, or surface. Also called odontoplasty, enameloplasty, stripping, or slenderizing. Word: Definition: remineralization: redeposition or replacement of the tooth's minerals into a demineralized (previously decayed) lesion. This the decay process, and is enhanced by the presence of topical fluoride. Word: RestorationsDefinition: restorations: any replacement for lost structure or teeth; for example, bridges, dentures, fillings, crowns, and implants. Word: Definition: retainer: a removable appliance used to maintain in a given position (usually worn at night). Word: RootDefinition: root: structure that connects the tooth to the jaw. Word: Root Canal Definition: root canal therapy: procedure used to save an abscessed in which the pulp chamber is cleaned out, disinfected, and filled with a permanent filling. Word: Rubber Definition: rubber dam: soft latex or vinyl sheet used to establish isolation of one or more from contamination by oral fluids and to keep materials from falling to the back of the throat. Word: Definition: : clear lubricating fluid in the mouth containing water, enzymes, bacteria, mucus, viruses, blood cells and undigested food particles. Word: GlandsDefinition: salivary glands: glands located under and in cheeks that produce saliva. Word: Scaling and Root Definition: scaling and root planing: a deep-cleaning, nonsurgical procedure whereby plaque and tartar from above and the gum line are scraped away (scaling) and rough spots on the tooth root are made smooth (planing). Word: Definition: sealants: a thin, clear or white resin substance that is applied to the biting surfaces of teeth to decay. Word: SedativeDefinition: sedative: a type of used to reduce pain and anxiety, and create a state of relaxation. Word: Soft Definition: soft palate: the back one-third of the roof of the composed of soft tissue. Word: MaintainerDefinition: space maintainer: dental device that the space lost through premature loss of baby teeth. Word: Definition: stains: can be either extrinsic or intrinsic. Extrinsic stain is located on the outside of the tooth surface originating from external such as tobacco, coffee, tea, or food; usually removed by polishing the teeth with an abrasive prophylaxis pa Word: Definition: stomatitis: an inflammation of the tissue underlying a denture. Ill-fitting dentures, poor dental hygiene, or a buildup of the fungus Candida albicans can cause the . Word: ToothDefinition: supernumerary tooth: an tooth. Word: TarterDefinition: tartar: common term for dental calculus, a hard deposit that adheres to teeth; produces rough surface that attracts . Word: Definition: teething: baby pushing through the gums. Word: Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD)/temporomandibular (TMJ)Definition: temporomandibular disorder (TMD)/temporomandibular joint (TMJ): the term to a problem that concerns the muscles and joint that connect the lower jaw with the skull. The condition is characterized by facial pain and restricted ability to open or move Word: ThrushDefinition: thrush: an infection in the mouth caused by the Candida. Word: WhiteningDefinition: tooth whitening: a chemical or laser to lighten the color of teeth. Word: AnestheticDefinition: topical anesthetic: that produces mild anesthesia when applied to a soft tissue surface. Word: Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)Definition: transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): a therapy that uses low-level electrical currents to pain relief. In dentistry, TENS is one type of therapy that can be used to relax the jaw joint and facial muscles. Word: TransplantDefinition: transplant: a natural tooth in the empty socket of another tooth. Word: Definition: trauma: injury caused by external , chemical, temperature extremes, or poor tooth alignment. Word: Trigger-point Definition: trigger-point injections: a method of relieving pain whereby pain medication or anesthesia is injected into tender muscles called "trigger points." In , this can be used in individuals with temporomandibular disorders. Word: Definition: ultrasound: a treatment in which deep heat is to an affected area to relieve soreness or improve mobility. In dentistry, ultrasound can be used to treat temporomandibular disorders. Word: Definition: underbite: when the lower jaw protrudes forward causing the lower jaw and teeth to extend out beyond the teeth. Word: Unerupted Definition: tooth: a tooth that has not pushed through the gum and assumed its correct position in the dental arch. Word: VeneerDefinition: veneer: a thin, custom-made shell of tooth-colored plastic or porcelain that is bonded directly to the front side of natural teeth to their appearance -- for example, to replace lost tooth structure, close spaces, straighten teeth, or change color Word: Wisdom Definition: wisdom teeth: (last) molars that usually erupt at age 18-25. Word: XerostomiaDefinition: xerostomia: dry or decrease in the production of saliva. Word: X-raysDefinition: X-rays: high frequency light (or radiation) that penetrates different substances with different and absorption. In dentistry, there are typically four types of X-rays: periapical, bite-wing, occlusal, and panoramic. |
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