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Nursing Test 2
Nursing Test 2 Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the skills used in a physical examination? | Inspection, Palpation, Percussion, Auscultation, Olfaction |
| What do you assess with inspection? | Gait, personal hygiene, affect, and behavior |
| What supplies can you use for inspection? | Otoscope, ophthalmoscope, and penlight |
| What do you need to inspect? | You need adequate lighting, proper positioning, |
| What do you assess with palpation? | Temperature, skin texture, moisture, anatomical landmarks, abnormalities as edema, masses, areas of tenderness |
| What different parts of the hand do you use for palpation? | Fingertips, dorsum of hand, palmar surface of hand, grasping with fingers and thumb. |
| When palpating what do you use your fingertips for? | Fine tactile discrimination of skin texture, swelling, specific locations of pulsations and masses |
| When palpating what do you use the dorsum of your hand for? | Temperature determination |
| When palpating what do you use the palmar surface of the hand for? | For locating general area of pulsations. |
| When palpating what do you use "grasping with fingers and thumb"? | To detect the position, shape, and consistency of a mass. |
| What is percussion? | Tapping your fingers on the skin using short strokes. |
| What does tapping produce? | Vibrations and the resulting sound allows you to determine location, size, and density of underlying structures. |
| Percussion is helpful when assessing what body parts? | The lungs and abdomen. |
| What is direct percussion? | Tap lightly with the pads of the fingers directly on the skin. |
| What is indirect percussion? | It requires two hands. It is used more frequently. |
| What is direct auscultation? | Listening without using an instrument. |
| What is indirect auscultation? | Listening with the help of a stethoscope. |
| What do you use the diaphragm of the stethoscope to listen to? | High pitched sounds that normally occur in the heart, lungs and abdomen. |
| What do you use the bell of the stethoscope to listen to? | Low pitched sounds such as extra heart sounds (murmurs) or turbulent blood flow, known as bruits. |
| What is the rationale for using olfaction? | Fruity or acetone smelling breath would lead you to think the patient has ketoacidosis (which may accompany diabetes). |
| What are the adaptations when examining a infant? | Allow the parent to hold the infant on their lap otherwise position the infant on a padded examination table. |
| What are the adaptations when examining a toddler? | Perform invasive procedures last. Allow the toddler to sit on parent's lap. Allow choices. Allow the child to show developmental skills. Use praise. |
| What are the adaptations when examining a preschooler? | Demonstrate procedure on a doll. Let the child help. Give reassurance as you go through the exam, for example, "Your lungs sound very healthy". |
| What are the adaptations when examining school-age children? | Develop rapport by asking about their favorite school. Allow independence - undress themselves and get up and down from the table by themselves. Demonstrate your equipment before you use it. |
| What are the adaptations when examining adolescents? | No parent or sibling present, respect privacy during exam, emphasize healthy lifestyle habits, and assess for suicide potential. |
| What are the adaptations when examining young and middle age adults? | No specific modifications unless acute/chronic disease or cannot understand and follow instructions. |
| What are the adaptations when examining older adults? | Taylor exam to energy and mobility levels. Adapt techniques for vision and hearing changes. |
| What is the acronym SPICES? | It helps you remember common problems of the elderly such as Sleep disorders, Problems with eating and feeding, Incontinence, Confusion, Evidence of falls, and Skin breakdown. |
| Identify the components of a general survey. | Appearance and behavior, body type and posture, speech, dress, grooming, and hygiene, mental state, vital signs, height and weight. |
| What might a slumped position indicate? | Fatigue, depression, osteoporosis, or pain. |
| What might a unsteady gait indicate? | Associated with joint, muscle, or neurological disorders. |
| Inappropriate or illogical responses may be associated with what? | Psychiatric disorders. |
| Difficulty speaking or changes in voice quality may indicate what? | A neurological problem |
| Rapid speech may be a sign of what? | Anxiety, hyperactivity or use of stimulants. |
| Hoarseness could indicate what? | Inflammation in the throat from infection, overuse, a foreign body, or perhaps a tumor or other obstructive material. |
| Slow speech may be due to what? | Depression, sedation from medications, or neurological disorders. |
| Vocabulary and sentence structure provide information about what? | The clients educational level and comfort with the language. |
| A foreign accent with hesitancy and/or sparse verbalization may signal what? | A language barrier and a need for an interpreter. |
| An unkempt appearance may reflect what? | Chronic pain, fatigue, depression, or low self-esteem. |
| Poor hygiene may indicate what? | A self care deficit or physical or mental origin, or lack of easily accessible bathroom facilities. |
| To evaluate mental status what should you do? | Notice whether the client seems awake, alert, and oriented to time, place, person, and self. |
| Bizarre responses may signal what? | A psychiatric problem. |
| Lethargy may be due to what? | Medications, depression, or a neurological, thyroid, liver, kidney, or cardiovascular disorder. |
| Confusion and irritability may indicate what? | Hypoxia or medication side effects. |
| Inability to provide a health history or to recall information may indicate what? | A neurological disorder. |
| Why is height and weight important? | This data is used for proper dosing medications. |
| Who is BMI calculation not useful for? | Athletes, pregnant women, growing children, or for frail and sedentary older adults. |
Created by:
1SmartLady
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