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Unit 3 Medications

HIV, Eyes, Ears

QuestionAnswer
Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Drugs: Retrovir / Truvada does not kill virus. Stops it from replicating. Penetrates CNS. Adverse: severe anemia and neutropenia (Hgb <6, WBC <1), lactic acidosis, caution: other meds that suppress immune system.
Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Drugs: Sustiva / Viramune Only work on HIV1. Adverse: CNS symptoms (dizziness, nightmares, delusions, depression), rash - mild to severe, avoid during pregnancy, monitor liver function.
Protease Inhibitors Drugs: fortavase / invirase / Norvir Never used alone,always in comb w/other meds.Impairs protease(preventing HIV from killing more cells).Adverse:hypoglycemia w/i 2 mos of using,fat mal distribution(breasts, buffalo hump),fat lost from face,arms,legs.Alters tri/cholesterol-hyperlipidemia.
Integrase Inhibitor Drugs: Isentress prevents insertion of viral DNA into host DNA. Very well tolerated - headache, nausea, diarrhea. Category C for pregnancy.
HIV Fusion Inhibitor Drugs: Fuzeon Blocks entry of HIV into CD4 cell. Use is reserved for resistant HIV1. Inconvenient - 2 subQ injections daily. Cost up to 20k per year. Adverse: injection site reactions (redness to bruising), increased risk of bacterial pneumonia.
Cycloplegics / Mydriatics Drugs: Atropine / Cyclpentolate / Scopalamine Cycloplegics - Paralyze the ciliary muscle in the eye. Mydriatics - dilate the pupil. Goal: to see inside the eye (diagnostic / surgical). Adverse: photophobia, blurred vision.
Medications for Glaucoma Beta Blockers: Timolol / Betaxolol Decrease IOP by decreasing production of aquaeous humor. Well tolerated. Watch for systemic reactions (bradycardia, hypotension). May sting.
Medications for Glaucoma Prostaglandin Analogs: Xalatan, Travatan, Lumigan decrease pressure by fascilitating outflow. Keeps tribecular meshwork draining intact. Harmless brown pigmentation of iris.
Medications for Glaucoma Alpha 2 Adrenergic Agonists: Pilocar Improve outflow by constricting pupil. Decreases visual acuity. Increased risk for retinol detatchment.
Meneire's Disease Drugs: Antivert vertigo. Side effects: drowsiness
Created by: angela0170
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