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GC Chapter 13
Spinal Cord Reflexes
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Dorsal and ventral roots join to form a mixed nerve that carries both afferent and efferent nerves | Spinal Nerve |
functional groups of neuron (interneurons), limited input and output destinations, may stimulate/depress part of the brain and spinal cord | Neuronal Pool |
Spreads stimulation to many neurons/neuronal pools in CNS (Vision---conscious I see, unconscious posture and balance) | Divergence |
Brings many input sources into a single neuron (Breathing) | Convergence |
Moves information in a single line (pain) | Serial Processing |
moves info along several paths simultaneously (pain, withdraw, cuss) | Parallel Processing |
automatic responses coordinated within the spinal cord, through sensory, motor and interneurons | Reflex |
sensory neurons synapse directly on motor neurons, rare (stretch reflex)Complexity of circuit | Monosynaptic Reflex Arc |
at least one interneuron is between sensory and motor neuron, (tendon reflex, withdraw reflex)Complexity of Circuit | Polysynaptic Reflex Arc |
genetically determined Developemental Reflex | Innate Reflexes |
Learned Developemental Reflex | Acquired Reflexes |
Control Skeletal Muscle contractions, Includes superficial and stretch reflexes Response Reflex | Somatic reflexes |
Controls actions of smooth muscle, glands,cardiac muscle and adipose tissue, Response Reflex | Visceral (Autonomic) Reflexes |
Processed in the Spine | Spinal Reflexes |
Processed in the brain | Crainial Reflexes |
Occur on the same side of the body as the stimulus, stretch, tendon, withdraw reflex | Ipsilateral Reflex arcs |
Occur on the opposite side of the stimulus, occur simultaneously with flexor reflex by reverberating circuits until consciously overridden | Contralateral Reflex arcs |
monosynaptic reflex in which muscle spindles are the receptors, that have the least delay in sensory and motor output (patellar reflex) | Stretch Reflex |
bags of fibers, innervated by sensory/motor neurons | Intrafusal Fibers |
Maintain tone, contract muscle | Extrafusal Fibers |