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Ch. 7 Constitution
Articles of Confederation & the Constitution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What document was used to govern America right before & during the Revolutionary War? | The Articles of Confederation |
| What caused Shay's Rebellion? | Massachusetts' farmers were upset about the heavy taxes that their government had put on them in order to pay the war debt. |
| What did Shay's Rebellion reveal (show)? | That the Articles of Confederation were weak & needed to be revised (changed). |
| What group was basically in charge of the government before & during the Revolutionary War? | The Confederation Congress |
| What was the original purpose of the Constitutional Convention? | To change the Articles of Confederation & make them stronger |
| What does ratify mean? | To formally approve something |
| What is a township? | A section of land six miles square |
| What is a count of the population called? | A census |
| What is a tariff? | A charge on imported goods |
| What is a right of deposit? | The freedom to temporarily stockpile goods at a foreign location |
| What documents were written to try to persuade the states to ratify the Constitution? | The Federalist Papers |
| What helped organize towns in the West? | The Northwest Ordinance of 1785 |
| What did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 provide? | Government for towns in the western lands |
| What was added to the Constitution to guarantee some certain rights to Americans? | The Bill of Rights |
| What is considered to be the supreme law of the land? | The Constitution |
| What was made up of only one legislative body to govern the nation? | Articles of Confederation |
| How many states finally sent delegates to the Constitutional Convention? | 12 |
| Which state did not send delegates? | Rhode Island |
| Why did the delegates keep their discussions secret? | So they could speak their minds freely without pressure from outside groups. |
| What is considered the biggest achievement of the Confederation Congress? | Legislation dealing with the western lands- The Northwest Ordinance of 1785 & the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 |
| What 3 issues did the Constitutional Convention have to make compromises on? | Representation; Trade; How to count slaves |
| What 2 things keep the 3 branches of government under control? | Checks & balances Separation of powers |
| What name was given to those who favored ratification of the Constitution | Federalists |
| What name was given to those opposed to ratification of the Constitution? | Anti-Federalists |
| What was written to persuade the states to ratify the Constitution? | The Federalist Papers |
| What type of government did the delegates create? | A republic |
| What city did the Constitutional Convention take place? | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
| What did they call the agreement they worked out on how to count slaves for taxation & representation? | The Three-Fifths Compromise |
| What system did they create to elect a president? | The electoral college |
| Who was the chairman of the Constitutional Convention? | George Washington |
| What is the name of the first paragraph of the Constitution? | The Preamble |
| What 2 plans were merged to form the Great Compromise? | The Virginia Plan & the New Jersey Plan |
| What is needed to make a change to the Constitution? | An amendment |
| What are the 3 branches of government? | Judicial, executive, & legislative |
| What does the judicial branch do? | It judges the laws (checks to see if they are constitutional) |
| What does the executive branch do? | It enforces the law. |
| What does the legislative branch do? | It makes the law. |
| What are the 2 parts of Congress? | House of Representatives Senate |
| What 5 freedoms are guaranteed in the First Amendment? | Speech, press, assembly, petition, religion |
| What things did the writers of the Constitution agree on? | Balance of power among gov't branches; Separation of powers among gov't branches; Division of powers between federal & state gov't; new gov't should be a republic |
| What things did the Confederation Congress have the power to do? | Control western lands; Maintain an army; borrow or coin money |
| What major power did the Confederation Congress NOT have? | To levy taxes |
| What is a republic? | Voters elect representatives to govern the people. |
| What did all the writer's of the Constitution agree on (so there was no need for a compromise on this)? | That the Articles of Confederation couldn't be fixed so they abandoned them totally & started over. |
| What treaty maker was sent to negotiate with Spain? | John Jay |
| What country has the oldest country in the world? | U.S.A |
| What major (large) state was the slowest to ratify the Constitution? | Virginia |
| What was the most important legislation (laws) passed by the Confederation Congress? | Laws organizing & governing the western lands |
| What 3 principles have made the Constitution a successful guide for over 200 years? | 1. Based on biblical principles. This can help life go more smoothly & helps prevent corruption as much as possible. |
| 2. The effort of Americans to make it work. Citizens abide by & obey the law; Believe they are responsible for their actions & need to obey the law. | |
| 3. Flexibility of the Constitution. Gov't needs to be able to adapt to the changing needs of a large group of people. | |
| What was the major result of Shay's Rebellion? And what happened as a result of it? | It showed the weakness of the federal gov't & the need for it to be strengthened. Delegates met to revise the Articles of Confederation but quickly realized they needed a whole new form of government. The Constitution was created as a result of this. |
| What is the difference between a republic & a democracy? | A democracy is direct rule by the people. A weakness of this is that people often change what they want. The laws could change whenever the wishes of the majority changed. The government would be based on mob rule. |
| In a republic, elected representatives govern the people. The representatives power is limited by the law. The laws could only be changed by changing the Constitution. This prevents the laws from being changed just because a representative "wants" to. | |
| Who is known as the Father of the Constitution? | James Madison |
| Who were the 3 authors of The Federalist Papers? | John Jay, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton |
| What prohibited slavery in the western lands? | The Northwest Ordinances |
Created by:
Suzanne Yerkes
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