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Cardio
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Question | Answer |
---|---|
Angina indicates what kind of wave? What else | ST depression. Ischemia |
Mechanical Valve Replacement, what kind of medicine is indicated? | Coumadin |
What is the 1st drug used when STEMI occurs? | aspriin |
What are 5 causes of STEMI? (A-fib) | Cardiogenic Shock, pump failure, reperfusion, ischemic stroke, (high?) BMP |
Preload | (Precontraction)The amount the heart muscles stretch out prior to contraction. The greater the volume of blood in heart, the greater the stretch and the greater the contraction. |
Afterload | Resistance againstwhich the heart must eject blood volume during contraction. |
Contractility | The ability of the heart muscles to shorten and contract. Effect infringes on contraction results in HF. Blood Clots occur when not all blood is pushed out of heart. Contractility is also independent of pre&Afterload |
Stroke Volume | Volume of blood ejected with each heart beat; Determined by pre and afterload as well as contractility. SV= COxHR |
Inotropic | Relating to heart contractility. Can be positive or negative. ex: DIGOXIN improves contractility, increases force. |
Chronotropic(more info) | Drugs that change HR. |
Normal PR interval, Prolong PR | NORMAL PR: The time it takes fro SA-AV (nodes) should be less than 0.20. Prolong: First degree heart block. |
Normal QRS, Abnormal QRS | NORMAL QRS: Time it takes to travel down both bundles. Should be less than 0.12 |
HTN symptoms, Target organ damage | HTN is a silent killer. Kidney, eyes, |
HTN Diet instruction | DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop HTN DIET) Reduce sodium and controls Mg, Ca, potassium. Low fat dairy and meat products. |
tall, pointed T waves suggest... | hyperkalemia |
What med treats A-fib but prolongs QT, increasing the risk of V-tach? | Sotolol |
Ventricluar activity is what on a heart wave? | QT interval |
What's normal Arial rate? | 350-600 |
What are some treatments for A-fib? | 1)Rate control, we leave patients in A-Fib so we can control HR. Treat with Calcium channel blocker (Diltiazam) 2)Anticoagulation, Coumadin 3)Ablation 4)Maze Procedure 5)Chemical Cardioversion: A-fib<24hrs. And SYNCHRONIZATION Watch Twaves to administer |
Can we do Cardioversion on A-fib patient if it's been more than 48hrs? | Nope. Increase risk for stroke. |