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Unit4 Medications
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Short Duration, Rapid acting. Food tray in room; subq; IV in emergency only (rarely). O: 15-30 min, P: 30-2 1/2 hours, D: 3-6 hours. | Lispro (Humalog) |
| Short duration, rapid acting. O: 10-20 min; P: 1-3 hours; D: 3-5 hours | Aspart (Novalog) |
| Short duration, rapid acting. O: 10-15 min, P: 1-1 1/2 hours, D: 3-5 hours. | glulisine (Apidra) |
| Short duration, slower acting. Subq; IV; oral; inhalation. Most commonly given IV. Insulin pumps - keep sugar at more of a consistant level. | Regular insulin |
| Intermediate duration. NOt used with meals. Administer 1-2x/day. O: 1-1.2 hours; P: 6-14 ; D: 16-24 hours. | Neutral protamine Hagedorn Insulin Suspension (NPH) |
| Intermediate duration. O: 6-8 hours; P: 12-24 hours; D: no duration. | Insulin Detemir (Levemir) |
| 70% NPH/30% regular (Humulin 70/30, Novolin 70/30, 50% NPH/50% regular, 70% Aspart/30% insulin aspart, 75% lispro/25% | mixed insulins |
| type II gestational; POS; Dec glucose - inhibit glucose production in liver, inhibit absorption in gut, inc body sensitivity to insulin, 0 renal fail, hold +/- 48hours for CT angiogram, pill may be found in stool | Oral Hypoglycemics, Biguanides, Metformin (glucophage) |
| decrease glucose - inhibit glucose production in liver, inhibit absorption in gut, increase body sensitivity to insulin. Hypoglycemia, increase insulin release. only used for type II DM. | Oral Hypoglycemics,Sulfonylureas. First Gen: Orinase, Diabinese. Second Gen: glucotrol, Diabeta, Amaryl. |
| Administer with food. Prandin: P: 1hours, D: 4hours. Starlix: P: 30 min, D: 2hours. increase insulin release from pancreas. Hypoglycemia. Prandin - drug interaction with Lopid. | Oral Hypoglycemics, Glinides (meglitinides), Prandin, Starlix |
| 0 CHF, increase HDL, LDL, triglycerides. | Oral Hypoglycemics, Thiazolidinediones (Glitazones). Avandia, Actos |
| act in intestines to delay absorption of carbs. inhibits absorption of iron. Watch for anemia, hypoglycemia - esp when used with other insulins. Active only in bowel; flatulence, cramps, abdominal distension, diarrhea | Oral Hypoglycemics. Alpha glucosidase Inhibitors: Precose, Glyset |
| increase release of insulin, decrease release of glucagon. increase rate of respiratory infection, headache | Oral hypoglycemics. Gliptins: Januvia, Galvus |
| compliments effects of insulin, slows gastric emptying, decreases glucagon secretion - supplement to mealtime insulin. hypoglycemia w/i 3 hours. given subq | Other DM meds. Symlin |
| patients taking metformin or sulfonylureas - given subq. peaks 20 minutes. Hypoglycemia | Other DM meds. Byetta |
| stynthetic thyroid hormone. used for hypothyroidism - daily. mimics natural release of synthroid. take on empty stomach, 0 antacids. | Synthroid |
| animal thyroid glands. used for hypothyroidism | Armour Thyroid |
| block thyroid hormone synthesis. used for hyperthyroidism, agranulocytosis. Use to decrease levels prior to radiation. PTU - doesn't cross placenta (frequent dosing), tapazole - crosses placenta (less frequent dosing). | Thionamides. PTU, tapazole |
| destroy thyroid tissue in patients with hyperthyroidism, one time dose, 2-3 mos for full effect. radiation precautions! | Radioactive Iodine |
| increase concentrations of iodine. inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis/release - used temp until thyroid sx. long term use ineffective. brassy taste; burning sensation in mouth, mix w/juice | Lugol's solution, Potassium Iodide |
| regulates Ca+. primary hyperparathyroidism, decrease secretion of PTH. Decreases Ca+, nausea, vomit, diarrhea, take w/food, monitor Ca+ levels. | Sensipar |
| human growth hormone. deficiency. increase mass but not strength of bones. increase height/muscle mass. 0 corticosteroids - inhibit growth hormone. hyperglycemia in child/adult. increase BP in adult | Omnitrope |
| excess growth hormone. acromegaly, used with surgery or if radiation ineffective. subq 3x/day nausea, vomit, diarrhea, gallstones 25% | Sandostatin |
| blocks growth hormone receptors. subq daily. injection site reactions, hepatotoxic. 50-100k p/year in cost. | Somavert |
| ADH, reatin H2O/Na+ by kidneys. causes vasoconstriction, increase BP. | Vasopressin |
| synthetic ADH/no vasoconstriction. used to decrease levels of ADH (head trauma, neuro sx). dehydration - diabetes incipitous (nothing to do with DM) body is not making enough ADH. | DDAVP |
| excess prolactin. Pituatary tumor - given PO. dizziness, vavular heart damage | Dostinex |
| excess adrenal corticohormones. inoperable adrenal carcinoma. selec tively destroys adrenal corticocells. made from insecticides. adrenal insufficiency, visual disturbances, kidney damage, orthostatic, hypokalemia | Lysodren |
| K+ sparing diuretic, aldosterone antagonist. excess aldosterone. hyperkalemia, decreased BP | Midamor |
| topical / oral, decrease viral shed, prevent outbreaks | Zovirax |
| turns into acyclovir in body (PO). reduce risk of transmission. 0 immune compromised. leads to TTP. | Valtrex |
| Uses: genital herpes Actions: decrease viral shed & prevent outbreaks Adverse Effects: thrombocytopenia if used when immune compromised | Famvir |
| decrease prostate size (6-12 mos). months to clear system (longer 1/2 life), category x for women handling medication. | 5 Alpha Reductase Inhibitors. Proscar, Avodart |
| non-selective, cardiac effects. mild BPH, does not decrease size | Alpha1-Adrenergic Antagonists. Cardura, Hytrin |
| selective (if BP runs low). mild BPH, does not decrease size. | Alpha1-Adrenergic Antagonists. Flomax |
| given 1 hour before activity on empty stomach, hypotension, headache, vasodilation - flushing, priapism - extremely painful. Lasts 4 hours | Erectile Dysfunction. viagra, Levitra |
| daily dosing, longer duration. lasts for 36 hours | Erectile Dysfunction. Cialis |
Created by:
angela0170
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