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NP CH 24 CCC 105
NP Chapter 24 CCC PN105
Question | Answer |
---|---|
When diagnostic tests are ordered, the nurse should (4 things) | Assess patient knowledge; Determine special nursing measures for patient safety; Assess wounds; Assess patient allergies |
What allergy can indicate potential allergic reaction to iodine, used in medication, diagnostic tests, and wound cleaning? | shellfish |
Hematology is | The study of blood and its components |
CBC means | complete blood count |
CBC can help determine | information about the state of health or presence of illness |
Hematocrit (HCT) measures | the separate of blood and the amount of blood cells in relation to the amount of plasma |
Hemoglobin (Hgb) measures | the capacity of blood to transport O2 from lungs to tissues |
HCT normal range | 37-54 mL/dL |
Hgb normal range | 12-18 g/dL |
Platelets (PLT) are | essential to blood clotting |
Platelet normal range | 150,000-400,000/mm2 |
Where is blood glucose testing commonly performed? | at patient bedside or in physician office by nurse |
What does blood glucose level determine? | Amount of insulin therapyh for diabetics |
Blood glucose testing varies depending upon... | manufacturer guidlines for equipment |
To test blood glucose levels, nurse will | fingerstick patient to obtain capillary blood |
Blood Glucose normal range | 70-100 |
Blood glucose testing procedure | have patient hang chosen hand downward; follow manufacturer directions for setting lancet and test strip; skin should be pierced deeply enough to provide free blood flow with little pressure; lightly squeeze finger and apply blood drop to test strip |
Urinalysis testing determines | iinformation about kidney function or other body functions and diseases |
Urine should be tested quickly after collection because... | urine deteriorates quickly |
Urine composition varies depending upon... | fluid intake and diet |
Urine specimens are classified as (3 types) | Single, cathetherized, or random; Midstream; Timed, long-period |
To perform this type of urine collection: external genitalia are cleansed, small amount of urine is passed, and urine is collected midvoiding in sterile container | Midstream urine specimen |
Midstream urine specimens are used for | urine cultures when a bladder infection is suspected |
To perform this type of urine collection: collected of 12- or 24-hr period and container must be kept on ice or preserved | Timed, long-period urine specimen |
Timed, long-period urine specimens are used for | determining kidney function and possible glomrulonephritis or acute tubular necrosis |
For all urinalysis, this information is needed | where obtained (clean catch, cath, patient self, etc) |
Bacteriology tests | blood, urine, feces, wound drainage, and other body fluids or tissues to identify disease-causing organisms |
Aseptic technique must be used for which bacteriology tests? | culture and sensitivity |
Histology is | the study of tissues |
Cytology is | the study of cells |
Histology and Cytology tests more commonly include | biopsies |
Ultrasonography is | record of the reflection of sound waves directed into tissues |
Ultrasounds diagnose pathologic condtions of the... | uterus, ovaries, prostate, heart, liver, kidneys, pancreas, gallbladder, lymph nodes, thyroid, eyes, and peripheral blood vessels |
Ultrasounds are often used in conjunction with | nuclear medicine scans |
Types of radiology procedures (3 types) | x-rays, fluroscopy, cineradiography |
x-rays | produce image of denser tissues by passing rays through the part to expose a film |
which is more common: x-rays, fluroscopy, cineradiography | x-rays |
fluroscopy | used to sxamine movement; rays passed through a body part and projected on a fluroscent screen |
cineradiography | adds a video camera to the fluroscent equipment to make a photographic record of the procedure |
Computed Tomography Scan (CT Scan) | computer enhanced x-rays to allow examination of horizontal section of the body at various angles to define tissue density |
CT scan colors indicate | different densities of organs |
Most CT scans are invansive or non-invasive | Non-invasive, but consent may be required for scans using a contrast medium |
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | non-invasive method of differentiating normal for abnormal tissue in the body |
MRIs are commonly used for these body parts | brain, knee joints, spine, spinal cord, and abdominal organs |
Patients with metal devices cannot use MRIs because.... | machine emits a strong magnetic field |
MRI is contraindicated in patients with... | hip prostheses, implanted pacemakers, defribrillators, atrificial cardiac valves, vascular clips, or staples from recent surgeries |
Claustrophobia is a common issue with this type of diagnostic procedure | MRI |
To help calm patient before MRI, try... | deep-breathing and relaxation techniques |
MRI patient teaching is important because | duration of tests can change and the environment is noisy |
All invasive tests, premedication, or sedation require | patient consent |