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N306 E4 F&E Part 2

N306 Fluid Balance, Electrolytes, Acid-Base [Ch 31] Pt 2

QuestionAnswer
What ion determines acidity of body fluids? H+
Acids _____ H+ into solution. release
Bases _____ H+ into solution. accept
pH Measurement of hydrogen concentration in pH
Identifying the three regulators of acid-base balance. Buffer system, respiratory system, renal system
buffers Substances that prevent changes in pH by removing or releasing H+
Identify the role of the respiratory system in acid-base balance. Regulates carbonic acid in the body by removing or retaining CO2
Identify the role of renal system in acid-base balance. Excess acids are removed by kidneys; also regulates bicarbonate ions
Arterial blood provides information about _______. Effectiveness of lungs and oxygenating blood
Arterial blood reflects _______. acid-base balance in body
What elements are measured in ABG? pH, PaCO2, HCO3, PaO2
Identify the normal value for the following: pH. 7.35 - 7.45
Identify the normal value for the following: PaCO2. 35 - 45 mm Hg
Identify the normal value for the following: PaO2. 80 - 100 mm Hg
Identify the normal value for the following: HCO3. 22 - 26 mEq/mL
When PaCO2 is off, is it respiratory or metabolic? Respiratory (mostly)
When HCO3 is off, is it respiratory or metabolic? Metabolic (mostly)
pH 7.20, PCO2 50, HCO3 24 respiratory acidosis [low pH, high CO2, normal HCO3]
pH 7.33, PaCO2 53, PaO2 72, HCO3 24 respiratory acidosis
pH 7.60, PaCO2 36, HCO3 30 metabolic alkalosis
pH 7.48, PaCO2 30, HCO3 23 respiratory alkalosis
pH 7.50, PaCO2 40, HCO3 30 metabolic alkalosis
pH 7.23, PCO2 40, HCO3 19 metabolic acidosis
Identify 4 common causes of edema. increased hydrostatic pressure, decreased plasma oncotic pressure, increased capillary membrane permeability, and lymphatic obstruction
Inappropriate administration of hypertonic saline solution will result in _______. Hypernatremia
Neuromuscular excitability is ________ with hypokalemia. Decreased
________ often occurs with acidosis. Hyperkalemia (high potassium)
A patient has deep and rapid respirations. Laboratory tests reveal decreased pH and bicarbonate. This patient is experiencing: metabolic acidosis
Identify how to perform Chvostek's sign. Tapping on cheek
Identify a positive response to Chvostek's sign. Twitching of face; suggestive of neuromuscular excitability caused by hypocalcemia
Identify how to perform Trousseau's sign. Inflate a sphygmomanometer cuff above systolic blood pressure for several minutes
Identify a positive response to Trousseau's sign. Muscular contraction, including flexion of wrist and fingers; suggestive of neuromuscular excitability caused by hypocalcemia
Identify the 2 tests for hypocalcemia. Chvostek's sign and Trousseau's sign
Created by: nikkirosety
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