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Ch 9 Rad Protection
Dose limits for exposure to ionozing radiation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Big Brother | The various advisory groups and regulatory agencies, usually referred to by abbreviations and acronyms |
| ICRP | International Commission on Radiological Protection -Provides international guidance & recommendations |
| NCRP | National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements -Forming and publishing reports |
| UNSCEAR | nited Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation -Research |
| NAS/NRC~BEIR | National Academy of Science/National Research Council Committee on the Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation -Recommendations |
| NRC | Nuclear Regulatory Commission -Federal agency with enforcement power |
| Agreement states | enforces regulations |
| EPA | Environmental Protection Agency -Enforces regulations regarding the environment |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration -Regulated the x-ray equipment manufacturing |
| OSHA | Occupational Safety and Health Administration -Monitoring agency in the work place |
| Radiation Safety Committee | Develops radiation safety program |
| Radiation Safety Officer | Oversees the daily operations --Generally a medical physicist, health physicist or radiologists |
| Radiation Safety Program | Mandated by the NRC |
| Radiation Control for Health and Safety Act of 1968 | Public Law 90-602 -Protects the public from hazards of unnecessary radiation exposure |
| ALARA | 1987 the NCRP principle |
| Standards for Diagnostic X-Ray Equipment (7) | PBLs, minimal permanent filtriation, reproductibility 5% or <, exposure linearity <.1%, Beam limitation on spot devices during fluoro, beam on indicators, manual back up times for AEC |
| Consumer-Patient Radiation Health and Safety Act of 1981 | Federal legislation requiring minimal standards for the accreditation of educational programs fro persons who administer radiologic procedures and the certification of such persons; Individual states regulate the act -PA has no stature |
| NCRP Report # 116 | Limitation of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation |
| Objectives of Radiation Protection #1 | 1.To prevent any clinically important nonstochastic (deterministic) effects by adhering to dose limits that are beneath the threshold levels |
| Objectives of Radiation Protection #2 | To limit the risk of stochastic responses to a conservative level as weighted against societal needs, values, benefits acquired and economic considerations |
| Annual Occupational Effective Dose Limit | 50mSv; 5rems |
| Cumulative Effective Dose (CumEfD) Limit | Lifetime dose should not exceed 10 times the occupationally exposed person’s age in years |
| Collective Effective Dose (ColEfD) | If 1,000 people were exposed to a low-dose of different sources of ionizing radiation and the average EfD is 0.5 mSv(50 mrem), the ColEfd is 500 person/mSv, or 0.5 person/sievert (50man/rem) |
| NCRP Report # 116, Occ Exposures, Effective dose | -Annual 50 mSv (5 rem) -Cumulative 10 mSv x age 1 rem x age |
| NCRP Report # 116, Occ Exposures (Equivalent dose annual limits for tissues & organs) | Lens of eye 150 mSv (15 rem) Skin, hands & Feet 500 mSv (50 rem) |
| NCRP 116 Public Exposure (EfD limit, continuous or frequent exposure) | 1mSv, .1rem |
| NCRP 116 Public Exposure (EfD limit, infrequent exposure) | 5mSv, .5rem |
| NCRP 116 Public Exposure (EfD for tissue and organs) | Lens of eye 15 mSv 1.5 rem Skin,etc. 50 mSv 5 rem |
| NCRP 116 Embro-fetus exposure | EqD limit Monthly 0.5 mSv 0.05 rem Entire gestation 5.0 mSv 0.50 rem |
Created by:
rachelbeatty4
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