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CDIS Exam 2
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is fluency? | Flow of speech production |
What are the 5 characteristics to describe fluency? | Rate, rhythm, smoothness, effort, and automaticty |
What is disfluency? | Disruption of flow of speech |
What is a fluency disorder? | A speech disorder |
How is disfluency characterized? | By high rate of stoppages/interruptions that disrupt flow of speech, and significantly interferes with communication. |
What are the core primary features for stuttering? | Monosyllabic whole-word repetitions, part-word repetitions, sound prolongations (stretch words out) blocks (like the road blocks of speech) |
What are the secondary behaviors for stuttering (a fluency disorder)? | Head jerking or emotions/attitudes towards their stuttering. Second behaviors are developed overtime. |
How many Americans currently stutter? What percentage is this making up in the population? | 3 million Americans, 1% of the population |
Who stutters more? Females or males? Who is more likely to recover? | Boys stutter more, females are more likely to recover. |
What is the percentage of positive family histories for stuttering? | 60-70% |
What does the recovery look like for stuttering? | 4 years post-onset, ~75% recover |
True or false: Disfluencies occur in normal communication. | True Example: Using "um" or "like" |
Etiology of stuttering? | UNKNOWN! |
What are the approaches to stuttering treatment? | Stuttering modification (symptoms modification): teach person to stutter better, more fluently, easy voice onsets, light articulatory contacts Fluency shaping: teach person to speak without stuttering; reconstructing speech production. |
What are the different roles of voice? | Carries words, reflects personality, reveals physical state, delivers messages and adds meaning to the message. |