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UKCD Histo Perio Lig

learning objective answers for periodontal ligament

QuestionAnswer
What is the function of the periodontal ligament, and more specifically the principal fiber bundles? To anchor the tooth within the bony socket and allow for limited movement in response to occlusal pressure.
Of what is the PDL composed? Cell (fibroblasts and other CT cells), fibers (Type I collagen predominates), and ground substance (proteoglycans and glycoproteins).
The collagen fiber bundles of the PDL can be classified into two main groups. Name them and state the feature their name is indicative of. Gingival fiber group – those fibers that do not insert into bone; and dentoalveolar fiber groups – those fibers that insert into alveolar bone.
List three groups of gingival fibers of the PDL. Gingival, circumferential and transseptal.
Between which structures do these gingival fibers extend? Gingival from cementum into gingiva; circumferential from cementum into lamina propria after extending around root horizontally; transseptal – from cementum of one tooth across the interdental septum to insert into the cementum of the adjacent tooth.
What is the function of the gingival fibers of the PDL? Gingival (free and attached) fibers of the PDL resist gingival displacement during occlusal movement.
List five groups of dentoalveolar fibers in the PDL. Alveolar crest, horizontal, oblique, (peri)apical and interradicular fibers.
What is the function of the dentoalveolar fibers of the PDL? They primarily resist vertical movement during occlusion.
What structural/functional unit is formed by the transseptal fibers? The dental arch.
Do the blood vessels supply the pDL anastomose? Yes.
If the blood vessles that supply the PDL anastomose with vessel from what structures? They arise as branches from the arteries entering the apical foramen and anastomose with branches from the alveolar bone via its cribriform nature.
What types of nerves are found within the PDL and what is their function? Autonomic – controlling blood vessel diameter; afferent – sensory via free (unmyelinated) nerve endings (pain sensation) as well as encapsulated nerve endings (pressure).
Between which structures do alveolar crest gingival fibers extend? cementum into the alveolar crest (angled upward)
Between which structures do horizontal gingival fibers extend? cementum of cervical 1/3 of tooth into alveolar bone of socket (angled horizontally)
Between which structures do oblique gingival fibers extend? cementum of apical 2/3’s of the tooth into alveolar bone (angled inferiorly)
Between which structures do (peri)apical gingival fibers extend? radiate from surrounding the apical foramen down to alveolar bone
Between which structures do interradicular gingival fibers extend? from cementum of root bifurcation into the apical region of the interradicular septum.
Created by: wiechartm
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