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Immobility
Immobility for NU112
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Exercise | - the body was designed for motion so regular exercise contributes to a healthy body - most people move joints with regular activity |
| Immobility | - Has a negative effect - within 24 hours a joint stiffens - longer periods tendons and muscles will be effected - when joints cannot be moved a nurse will have to perform ROM exercises |
| ROM | - Range of Motion - are exercises that a nurse performs on each joint through a full range of motion that a joint can perform without causing pain |
| Causes of Immobility | - Depression - Confusion, dementia - Pain, fatigue, hypovolemia - injury, trauma, surgery - General Deterioration |
| Alterations in Mobility | - maybe temporary or permanent - most diseases involve some degree of immobility - |
| life expectancy and Immobility | - Longer life expectancy for most Americans - incidences of disease and disability grows - shorter hospital stays result - pt. trans to rehab or home for physical therapy |
| Body Changes and Immobility | - Loss of muscle mass, strength and function cause stiffer joints and gait changes - affects balance and compromises mobility of elderly |
| Elderly and Mobility | - moving is paramount to elderly - allows them to perform ADLs and independence - increased risk of immobility |
| Safety issues and Immobility | - Fall Risk - Altered skin Integrity - Risk of Pneumonia - Risk for DVTs |
| Morse Fall Scale | - This assess a persons risk for a fall. - assess - History - secondary diagnosis - ambulatory aid - IV or IV access - Gait - Mental Status - The higher the number the more apt to fall |
| Immobility and Cardiovascular | - increase cardiac workload - increased orthostatic hypotension - increased venous thrombosis - Venous stasis |
| Immobility and Respiratory | - Decreased depth of resp. - Dec. resp rate - pooling of secretions - impaired gas exchange - hypostatic pneumonia - atelectasis - dyspnea - confusion, irritablity - impaired cough - chest pain |
| Hypostatic Pneumonia | - the depth and rate of resp and the movement of secretions in the resp. tract is decreased when a person is immobile. - the pooling of secretions and congestion predispose to resp. tract infection. - S&S: Increased temperature |
| Atelactasis | - when are area of lung tissue are not used over a period of time - incomplete expansion or collapse of lung tissue may occur. |
| Immobility and Gastrointestinal | - disturbance in appetite - altered protein metabolism - altered digestion and utilization of nutrients |
| Immobility and Urinary | - Decreased bladder muscle tone - Increased Renal calculi - Increased Urinary Stasis leading to UTIs |
| Immobility and Muscular System | - Muscle Atrophy - Decreased joint mobility, flexibility - Decreased endurance, stability - increased risk for contracture formation - Ankylosis - Osteoporosis - Bone demineralization |
| Ankylosis | - Bones fuse together when in contracture |
| Immobility and Metabolic System | - Increased risk of electrolyte imbalance - Altered Exchange of nutrients and gases - Decreased Metabolic rate |
| Immobility and Skin Integrity | - Risk of skin breakdown, which leads of necrosis and ulceration of tissues, especially in bony area. - Pressure ulcer formation |
| Immobility and Psychological | - Increased sense of powerlessness - Decreased self concept - Decreased social interaction - Decreased sensory stimulation - Altered sleep-wake patterns - Increased risk for depression |
| Exercise and Cardiovascular | - Increased efficiency of the heart - decreased resting heart rate - increases blood flow and oxygenation to all body parts |
| Exercise and Respiratory | - Increased depth and rate - Increased gas exchange at alveolar level - Increased rate of carbon dioxide excretion |
| Exercise and Gastrointestinal | - Increased appetite - Increased Intestinal tone |
| Exercise and Urinary system | - Increased blood flow to kidneys - Increased efficiency in fluid and acid/base balance - Increased efficiency in excreting body waste |
| Exercise and Mesculoskeletal | - Increased Muscle tone - Increased coordination - Increased of nerve impulse transmission |
| Exercise and Metabolic System | - Increased eff. of Metabolic system - Increased eff. of body temp regulation |
| Exercise and Integumentary | - Improved color, tone, turgor resulting from improved circulation |
| Exercise and Psychological | - Energy vitality, general well being - Improved Sleep - Improved Appearance - Improved Self-concept - Positive health behaviors |
Created by:
saraken2007
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