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Oral Diabetes Meds

QuestionAnswer
Biguanide: Metformin Actions Drug of choice for type 2 DM. Decreases glucose production by the liver, increases tissue response to insulin.
Biguanide: Metformin Adverse Effects GI symptoms: decreased apetite, nausea, diarrhea. Lactic acidosis (rarely) Little risk for hypogycemia.
Sulfonylureas: Tobutamide, Glipizide, Glyburide Actions Promote insulin secretion by the pancreas
Sulfonylureas: Tobutamide, Glipizide, Glyburide Adverse Effects Hypoglycemia
Thiazolidinediones: Rosiglitazone, Pioglitazone Actions Decrease insulin resistance and thereby increase glucose uptake by muscle and decrease glucose production by the liver. Adverse effect: hypogylcemia in the presence of excess insulin.
Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors: Acarbose, Miglitol Inhibit carbohydrate digestion and absorption thereby decreasing the posprandial rise in blood glucose. GI symptoms; flatulence, cramps, abdominal distention, borborygmus
Gliptins: Sitagliptin Enhances the activity of incretins and thereby increases insulin release, reduces glucagon release, and decrease glucose production. No adverse effects identified yet.
Created by: 1526511508
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