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Sociology
Chapter 1
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Sociology | The scientific studyof socicety and human behaviour |
Science | The systematic methods used to obtain knowledge and the knowledge obtained by those methods |
C. Wright Mills | Known for Sociological Imagination |
Sociological Imagination | Sociological Vision of of the way of looking at the world that allows Links between the apparently private problems of the individual and important social roles |
Mills | "The sociological imagination or perspective enables us to grasp the connection between history and biography" |
Macrosociology | Focuses on the broad features of society |
Microsociology | Emphasize social interaction, or what people do when they come together |
ie/ Macro | Social class and patriarchy |
ie/ Micro | Survival strategies of homeless people |
What are the goals of science? | Explain why something happens Make generalizations Make predictions |
Auguste Comte | Father of Sociology - used scientific method |
Karl Marx | Burgeoisie vs Proletariat (rich) vs (working class) |
Emile Durkheim | Fought to see Sociology recognized as a seperate academic discipline Social Integration vs Suicide |
3 types of Suicide: | Egoistic Altruistic Anomic |
Egoistic Suicide | No strong ties to anyone/thing |
Altruistic Suicide | Suicide performed after loss of partner |
Anomic Suicide | Loss of all their $ causes suicide (self worth based on material possessions) |
Max Weber | Rise of Capitalism - wanted sociology to be "value free, objective, and replicatable" |
Value Free | Understand human behaviour and info can be -Used by anyone for any purpose |
Not Value Free | Investigate harmful social arrangements (who decides what is harmful -Used to reform society |
Verstehen | To understand |
Social facts (Durkheim) | Patterns of behaviour that characterize a social group |
The woman's role: | Kirche, Kuchen, Kinder, Kleider (church, cooking, children, clothes) |
Harriet Martineau | known for translating Comte from french to English |
What did Harriet Martineau write? | Society in America |
What was the Quiet Revolution in Quebec? | Separatism movement (make our own mini-France) |
Political party in Quebec that supports the Seperatist movement? | Parti Quebecois |
Where did many U.S sociologists move to? | Canada |
British Sociology | University of Toronto |
U.S Sociology | McGill University |
Wallace Clement & William Carroll | Canada's Corporate Structure and role in globalization |
Margaret Eichler | Nonsexist research methods |
Dorothy Smith | Study of feminist theory (especially the everyday work world of men and women) |
Symbolic Interactionism | Studies specific behaviours of interacting individuals caught in identifiable face-to-face social settings or encounters Emphasizes symbols (things we attacch meaning to) as the basis of social life |
Functional Analysis | View society as a unit, made up of interrelated parts that work together as a unit "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" |
Burgeoisie | Own means of production (the rich) |
Proletariat | The mass of workers |
Conflict Theory | Karl Marx |
Feminist Theories | Marxist Liberal Radical |
Marxist Feminist Theory | Class and economic position explain gender inequality |
Liberal Feminist Theory | Legal restraints and Customs |
Radical Feminist Theory | Patriarchy oppresses women |
Modernity | Describes a society which had emerged from feudalism and was characterized by change, collective action, reason adn progess - Max Weber |
Postmodernity | A rejection of modernity, a recognition of diversity, an emphasis on symbols and discourse analysis |
What does Postmodernism entail? | Modernity vs Postmodernity |
Major criticism of Postmodernism | Views society as a closed system -some images, symbols and signs given more importance than others -lacks a theoretical analysis power |
Queer Theory | Challanges all notions of fixed identities |
Critical Race Theory | A multi-Disciplinary examination of the social construction of race and race identity; the reality of racial discrimination |
Derrick Bell | Lawyer and Executive Director of NAACP |
Which theories fall under Macro-Level Analysis? | Conflict Theory Functional Theory Critical Race Theory |
Which theory falls under Micro-Level Analysis? | Symbolic Interactionism Post Modernism Queer Theory |
Which theories can fall under Macro & Micro Level Analysis? | Feminist Theory Postmodernism |
What are the 3 phases of Sociology? | -Reform -Establish sociology as a respected field of knowledge -Merge Sociological knowledge and practical work to bring about social change |
Pure (basic) Sociology | Research and theory aimed at making discoveries about life in human groups |
Applied Sociology | The blending of sociological knowledge and practical results |
Clinical Sociology | Deals with specific problems for particular organizations |