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Skin, HNEENMT
Skin, head, neck, eyes, ears, nose, mouth and throat
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the layers of the skin? | Epidermis, dermis & the subcutaneous layer of adipose tissue. |
| What is the epidermis layer? | The thin but tough outer layer of the skin that forms a rugged protective barrier. |
| What is melanin? | It gives brown tones to the skin and the hair. |
| The inner basal cell layer forms new skin cells. What is the name of the tough fibrous protein? | Keratin |
| What is the dermis? | The inner supportive layer of the skin consisting mostly of connective tissue or collagen. The dermis also contains elastic tissue so the skin can stretch. |
| What part of the skin are the nerves, sensory receptors, blood vessels and lymph glands in? | The dermis |
| What is the function of the subcutaneous layer(adipose tissue)? | The subcutaneous tissue stores fat for energy, provides insulation for temperature control, and aids in protection by its soft cushioning effect. The also gives increased mobility over the structures underneath. |
| What is hair made up of? | Keratin |
| What is a freckle? | A small macules of melanin pigment that occur on sun exposed skin. |
| What is a mole (nevus)? | A proliferation of melanocytes, tan to brown in color, flat or raised. |
| What is pallor? | When the red to pink tones from the oxygenated hemoglobin in the blood are lost, skin is then pale. |
| What is erythema? | Erythema is an intense redness from excess blood in the dilated superficial capillaries. |
| What is cyanosis? | A bluish color that signifies decreased perfusion, the tissues do not have enough oxygenated blood. |
| What is jaundice? | A yellowish skin color indicates a rising amount of bilirubin in the blood. |
| What is a cherry angioma? | A small (1 to 5 mm), smooth, slightly raised bright red dot that appears on the skin of adults. They normally increase in size and number with aging and are not significant. |
| What are senile lentigines? | Commonly called liver spots. These are small, flat, brown macules. |
| What are keratoses? | These lesions are raised, thickened areas of pigmentatin that look crusted, scaly and warty. |
| What are acrochordons or skin tags? | An overgrowth of normal skin that forms a stalkand are polyp-like. They occure frequently on eyelids, cheeks, cheeks, neck, axillae and truck. |
| What is skin turgor? | A decrease in elasticity and the skin recedes slowly or "tent" and stands by itself. |
| What is a macule? | A color change in the sckin which is flat and is less than 1 cm. |
| What is a nodule? | A skin lesion that is solid, elevated, hard or soft, and larger than 1 cm. May extend into the dermis. |
| What is a papule? | A skin lesion that you can feel (Example, solid, elevate, and less than 1 cm in diameter) caused by sperficial thickening in the epidermis. |
| What is a wheal? | A skin lesion which is superficial, raised, transient, erythematous, slightly irregular shae due to the edeume. Example a mosiquite bite. |
| What is a vesicle? | An elevated containing free fluid , up to 1 cm; a "blister." Clear serum flows if the wall is ruptured. |
| What is petechiae? | Tiny pin like hemmorrhages, 1 to 3 mm, round and dscrete, dark red, purple or brown in color. |
| What is ecchymosis? | A purplish patech resulting from extravasationof blood into the skin. > 3 mm in diameter. |
| Where are the parotid glands? | In the cheeks over the mandible, anterior to and below the ear. |
| Where are the submandibular glands? | Beneath the mandible at the angle of the jaw. |
| Where are the sublingual gands? | In the fllor of the mouth. |
| Where is the temporal artery? | Superior to the temporalis muscle; its pulsation is palpabe anterior to the ear. |
| What is the lacrimal apparatus? | Provides constant irrigation to keep the conjunctiva and cornea most and lubricated. |
| What is presbyopia? | Decrease in the lens's ability to change shape to accommodate for near vsion. |
| What is exophthalmos? | Protruding eyes |
| What is enophthalmos? | Sunkin eyes |
| What is ectropion? | Lower eye lid drooping |
| What is entropion? | Lower eye lid turning in |
| What is ptosis? | Drooping upper eye lid |
| What is the tympanic membrane? | The eardrum, separates the external and the middle ear. |
| What is the pinna? | Auricle or the external ear |
| What is cerumen? | Ear wax |
| What is the uvula? | The free projection hanging down from the middle of the soft palate. |
| What is the frenulum? | The midline fold of tissue that connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth. |
Created by:
markrocco
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