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Ch2 Poli-Sci
Chapter Two
| Term | Defenition |
|---|---|
| Anti-Federalists (p38) | (Opponents of the Constitution) Claim: The National Gov't would be too powerful and would threaten the self government of the states and the liberty of the people. |
| Federalists (p39) | (Constitution Supporters) Strongest arguments set forth by James Madison and Alexander Hamilton. Claim: The Gov't of the constitution would correct eh flaws of the articles. |
| Bill of Rights (p48) | Freedom of speech; Religion; Due process (right to a jury trial) |
| Checks and Balances (p44) | Different 'Checks' each branch has on each other |
| Separated Institutions Sharing Power (p44) | The framers' concept of divided powers described by political scientists Richard Nuestadt |
| Separation of Powers (p43) | Government is controlled by dividing it among separate branches rather than investing it entirely in a single individual or institution. |
| Constitution (p30) | is the fundamental law that defines how a government will LEGITIMATELY operate. |
| Inalienable (natural) rights (p29) | The rights an indv theoretically has in the state of nature, prior to gov't. [Life; Liberty; Property] (Which are threatened by those who steal, kill, and otherwise act w/o regard to others) |
| Constitutional democratic republic (p58) | The type of government created in 1787. (It's constitutional, democratic and republic) |
| Delegates (p56) | office holders who are obligated to carry out the expressed opinions of the people they represent |
| Primary Election (p56) | The power of rank-and-file voters to select pary nominees (Progressives' Idea). |
| Democracy -according to the framers- (p51) | A government in which the power of the majority is unlimited, whether exercised directly (as in the case of twon meetings open to all citizens) or through a representative body. |
| Judicial Review (p50) | The power of the Judiciary to decide whether or a government official or institution has acted within the limits of the Constitution (if not, they can declare its action null and void) |
| Republic (p51) | A government that consists of carefully designed institutions that are responsive to the majority but not captive to it. |
| Tyranny of the Majority (p51) | The people acting as an irrational mob that tramples on the rights of the minority. |
| Denials of Power (p42) | Another way the framers used to limit governmental power. (Prohibiting certain practices European rulers had routinely used to oppress political opponents) [e.i in France the king could imprison a subject indefinitely w/o charge] |
| Grants of Power (p41) | The way framers limited governmental power. |
| Liberty (p41) | The principle that indv should be free to act and think as they choose,provided they do not infringe unreasonably on the freedom and well-being of others. (What the framers sought to uphold) |
| Electoral College (p53) | What selects the president (designed by framers) |
| Electoral Votes (p53) | What the electoral college uses to elect the president. |
| Great Compromise (p34) | (The product of the N-JP & VP.) Bicameral -two chambers- congress. Equilibrium, basically. |
| New-Jersey Plan (p34) | (Liked by smaller states) Congress would have a single chamber in each state, large or small, would have single votes. |
| Thee-Fifths Compromise (p35) | (The most controversial trade-off) Basically each slave was counted as less than a person. Stunt by the south for the purpose of apportionment of taxes and seats in the U.S House of Reps (It back fired) |
| Virginia Plan (p34) | (Not liked by smaller states) In both chambers, the heavily populated states would have greater number of representatives than would the lightly populated ones. (i.e Small states like Rhode Island would have 1 and Virginia would have a dozen) |
| Limited Government (p27) | One that is subject to strict legal limits on the uses of power, so that it would not threaten the people's liberty. |
| Self Government (p27) | One which THE PEOPLE would be the ultimate source of governing authority and would have a voice in their governing. |
| Social Contract (p29) | A voluntary agreement by inv to form gov't, which is then obliged to act within the confines of the agreement. |
| Trustees (p52) | Representatives are obliged to to serve the interest of those who elect them, but the nature of this is for the representative -not the voter- to decide. |
| John Locke's conception of inalienable rights and the legitimacy of the social contract found its most explicit statement in | the Declaration of Independence. |
| What was the significance of Shays's Rebellion? | It demonstrated that Congress was weak and unable to respond to crises in an effective manner. |
| The Senate was initially designed to | be less responsive to popular pressure. |
| James Madison warned against the dangers of | Factions |
| checks and balances is based on the notion that | power must be used to offset power. |
| Marbury v. Madison (1803) became the foundation for | judicial review by the federal courts |
| Andrew Jackson | persuaded the states to choose their presidential electors on the basis of the popular vote |
| U.S. House of Representatives have a ________ term. | 2 year |
| Members of the U.S. Senate have a(n) ________ term. | 6 year |
| The president has a ________ term. | 4 year |
| ________ wrote The Federalist Papers. | James Madison and Thomas Jefferson |
Created by:
jtimmon1
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