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Chapters 19 and 20
Foreign and Domestic Reveiw
Question | Answer |
---|---|
World War II | A war in which the United States won. |
Manhattan Project | Secret American program during World War II to develop an atomic bomb. |
United Nations | (blank) |
Soviet Union | A communist country in Europe. |
Communism | Official ideology of the Soviet Union, characterized there by complete government ownership of land and property, single-party control of the government, the lack of indivdual rights, and the call for worldwide revolution. |
Totalitarianism | A government that exerts total control over the nation and citizens' lives. |
Joseph Stalin | Leader of the Soviet Union from 1924-1953; worked with Roosevelt and Churchill during World War II but afterward became an aggressive participant in the Cold War. |
Cold War | The competition that developed after World War II between the United States and the Soviet Union for power and influence in the world, lasting until the collapse of the Soviet Union 1991. |
Containment | American policy of resisting further expansion of communism around the world. |
NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization- 1949 alliance of nations that agreed to band together in the event of war and to support and protect each nation involved. |
Collective Security | The principle of mutual military assistance among nations. |
Truman Doctrine | Harry Truman's 1947 speech before a joint session of Congress, calling for the United States to take a leadership role in the world, and declaring that the United States would s uport nations threatened by communism. |
Marshall Plan | Program of American economic assistance to Western Europe, announced in 1947. |
Korean War | Conflict over the furture of the Korean peninsula, fought between 1950 and 1953 and ending in a stalemate. |
Domino Theory | Belief that if one country fell to communism, neighboring countries would likewise fall. |
Dwight D. Eisenhower | 34th president, leader of the allied forces in World War II. Promoted business and continued social programs. |
Joseph McCarthy | Republican senator from Wisconsin. Led a crusade to investigate officials he claimed were Communists. |
Sputnik | The first artificial satellite to orbit Earth, launched by the Soviets in 1957. |
Conformity | Action in accord with prevailing social standards, attitudes, practices, etc. |
Baby Boom | Dramatic increase in birthrate, especially in the years following World War II. |
Levittown | Where the first bomb shelter was built. |
G.I. Bill | Law passed in 1944 to help returning vetrans buy homes and pay for higher education. |
Beatniks | In the 1950s, a person who criticized American society as apathetic and conformist. |
Arms Race | A contest between nations to gain weapons superiority. |
Capitalism | An economic system based on private ownership of capital. |