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Maternal/Child I
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Normal temperature range for newborns | 36.5-36 axillary (crying may elevate temperature) (stabilizes 8-10 hrs after delivery) |
| Normal HR range for newborns | 120-160 B/M (can go as low as 100 when sleeping to 180 when crying) (rate may be irregular with crying) (faint-sounding heartbeat is sign of potential distressed) |
| Normal respiration range for newborns | 30-60 breaths per minute (moist breath sounds may be present shortly after birth) be concerned if: apnea > 15 sec, diminished sounds, grunting, nasal flaring, deep sighing, persistent irreg breathing, excess mucus, persistent fine crackles, stridor |
| Normal range for head circumference measurement for newborns | 33 to 35 cm (should be 2 to 3 cms larger than the chest) (molding of head may result in a lower measurement) |
| Normal range for chest circumference for newborns | 30.5-33 cm (head and chest measurements may be equal for the first 24 to 48 hours of life) |
| Normal weight range for newborns | 2500 - 4000 gms |
| Normal length range for newborns | 48 to 53 cms |
| Kick Counts test | Mother lies on left side and counts fetal kicks for period of time (usually 1 hr). Pt calls provider or goes to hospital if baby not moving as much as indicated by provider. |
| Nonstress Test | Assess placental function/ oxygenation, indicator of fetal well being. Normal (reactive): 2 or more FHR accelerations of at least 15 bpm, lasting at least 15 sec. in 20 min. Abnormal (nonreactive): No accel. or <15 bpm or lasting < 15 sec occur in 40 min |
| Contraction stress test | Determines if fetus can tolerate labor. Is exposed to contractions to assess placental O2 perfusion during simulated labor conditions. 20-30 min strip w/fetal monitor. Uterus stimulated w/oxytocin or nipple stim. until 3 contractions >or= 40 sec in 10 min |
| Normal Contraction stress test result | Would be negative result. 3 contractions lasting 40 sec in 10 min w/o evidence of late decelerations of FHR |
| Abnormal Contraction Stress Test Result | + result. Late or variable decelerations of FHR w/ @ least 50% or more of the contraxns in the absence of hyperstim. of uterus. Suspicious result: nonpersistent late decels or decels associated w/hyperstim (i.e. contractions q 2 min or last > 90 sec) |
| Biophysical Profile (BPP) | Score on 5 criteria (ultrasound): breathing movements, body ", muscle tone, FHR reactivity & amniotic fluid vol. Normal: 8-10, Need for delivery: < 4 |
| When/why is an amniocentesis performed? | 2nd trimester: chromosome analysis. 3rd trimester: r/o infection or verify fetal lung maturity |
| Potential risks related r/t amniocentesis | maternal hemorrhage, infection, Rh isoimmuniztion, abruptioplacentae, amniotic fluid emboli, premature rupture of membranes. Notify HCP: chills, fever, leakage @ insertion site, decreased fetal movement, uterine contractions |
| Fetal period | Beginning of 9th wk until birth. Rapid growth and differentiation of tissues, organs, systems. Less vulnerable than embryonic period. |
| Vessels in umbilical cord | One vein, two arteries. |
| Wharton's Jelly | Protects umbilical cord from compression |
| Placental hormones | Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin, Human Placental Lactogen, Progesterone, Estrogen |
| Amnion vs chorion in the embryo | Amnion: inner membrane, contains amniotic fluid Chorion: Outer membrane, forms fetal portion of placenta |
| Fetal heart begins to beat by _________ week | End of third week |
| Umbilical vein | Blood from placenta to fetus |
| Ductus venosus | Allows fetal circulation to bypass of the liver in utero, opening allows blood pass from umbilical vein to superior vena cava |
| Foramen ovale | Opening in fetal heart between atria, which allows blood to bypass the lungs, so that most of the oxygenated blood goes to the brain first |
| Ductus arteriosus | Opening in fetal pulmonary artery directly into aorta, so blood can bypass lungs (is already oxygenated) and head straight to the brain |
| Mom should be feeling fetal movement by week | 17 |
| Fetus starts to produce surfactant by week ___________ | 24 |
| Fetal lungs generally developed by week _________ | 36 |
| Fetus considered potentially viable at week ________ | 26 |
| Monozygotic twins | Identical twins. Does not run in families, the division of the zygote is a coincidence, which occurs by the end of the first week. |
| Dizygotic twins | fraternal twins. Can run in families, due to hyperovulation |
| Neonatal hypoglycemia | <40-45. s&s: jitteriness, resp distress, poor suck, low temp, lethargy or diabetic mother BG |
| By 2 hrs of age, the newborn should: | Be awake, meet mom and dad. Breathe unassisted. Maintain temp w/in normal range. Eat (breast w/in 1st hr). Sleep after 1st period of reactivity. Void or have meconium stool by 24 hrs. |
| Baby considered preterm if delivered at < _________ wks | 37 |
| Baby postterm if delivered > ____ weeks | 42 |
Created by:
anamichelle
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