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Basic Phleb
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Required on EVERY specimen lable | 1.Name 2. DOB or MRN (medical record number) 3. Date 4. Time (military) 5. My Initials |
| Items on your tray | Gauze, alcohol wipes, tubes, band-aids or tape, device (syringe, butterfly, vacutainer) tournquet |
| Purpose of a tourniquet | makes vein easier to feel. Constict venous flow out not arterial in |
| How long can a tourniquet be left on | 1 min max! |
| If the tourniquet is left on longer than 1 min | hemoconcentration |
| where should the tourniquet be place in relation to the intended site of puncture? | 3-4 inches above |
| Desired veins to choose from | Median cubital - center of bend in arm Cephalic vein - thumb side Basilic - pinky side - median nerve and brachial artery - not drawn in class |
| Evacuated tubes containing an anticoagulant additive must be gently mixed to | prevent blood from clotting |
| Characteristics of veins | carry deoxygenated blood, have valves (the blood is NOT under pressure)Within the vein muscle facilitate the movement of blood and vlaves prevent backflow |
| A butterfly needle is used for | drawinf from fragile veins, drawing small veins, drawinf from veins in the hand (used for more control) |
| Proper procedure when cleansing a venipuncture site is | rub the site with alcohol in an outward, spiraling motion and allow 30-60 seconds to dry before the puncture. |
| What angle should a needle be inserted at | 15-30 degrees |
| In order to prevent mislabeling, the tubes are labled | after blood is drawn and patient is still present |
| When you see a hematoma forming | |
| Chemical used to clean human skin by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms | antiseptic |
| Components of the chain of infection and examples | Source of infection- nonsterile items, contaminated equipment or supplies Mode of transmission - direct contact, airborne, medical instruments Susceptible host - patient or you!!! |
| 3 ways to get a blood sample | capillary, venapuncture, arterial |
| vein selection | size, depth, direction |
| Fibrinogen | A blood clotting factor |
| Serum | Blood specimen that does not contain an anticoagulant |
| Antecubital | Near the bend of the elbow |
| Hemolysis | Rupture or lysis of the blood cells |
| Median Cubital Vein | Best vein to use for venipuncture |
| Arteries | Vessels that carry blood away from the heart |
| Basilic Vein | Alternate vein to use for venipuncture. Last choice when no other vein is available. |
| Veins | Branching vessels that flow back to the heart. |
| Anticoagulant | Substance introduces in to the blood or a blood specimen to keep it from clotting. |
| Tourniquet | A soft rubber strip used on the arm to help find a venipuncture site. |
| Hemostatis | Blood-clotting process in the body |
| Plasma | Blood specimen that does contain an anticoagulant |
| Saphenous vein | The longest vessel in the body |
| Hematoma | Leakage of blood into surrounding tissue |
| Capillary | Contains a mixture of arterial and venous blood |
| Citrates | Type of anticoagulant additive for blood collection tubes, prevents the blood clotting sequence by removing calcium and forming calcium salts |
| Gauge Number | Refers to the size (diameter) of the internal bore (opening) of a needle |
| Glycolytic inhibitor | An additive used in collection tubes that prevents glycolysis |
| Heparin | An anticoagulant that prevents blood clotting by inactivating thrombin and thromboplastin, the blood-clotting chemicals in the body |
| Syncope | The transient (and frequently sudden) loss of consciousness due to the lack of oxygen to the brain (fainting) and resulting in the inability to stay in an upright position |
Created by:
BOMLT
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